Sway brace clamp and connector assembly

ABSTRACT

It is one advantage of the invention to provide an interlocking swivel connector for attachment to an existing system supporting a suspended load below a ceiling, beam or floor without the need to disassemble or disconnect any components of the system. The connector is easy to install and inexpensive to manufacture. The connector is removably or permanently attachable to a sway brace clamp or attachment to form a connector-clamp assembly. The assembly is capable of reliably supporting heavy loads against adverse sway and seismic disturbances. It is another advantage of the invention to provide a sway cable brace clamp or fitting for securely attaching to a bracing cable and for supporting a suspended load below a ceiling, beam or floor. The cable clamp is easy to install and inexpensive to manufacture. The cable clamp is capable of reliably supporting heavy loads against adverse sway and seismic disturbances.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/404,338, filed Aug. 16, 2002, the entirety of which is herebyincorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates generally to devices for bracing pipes and otherloads suspended below ceilings, floors, beams and the like, against swayand seismic disturbances, and in particular to a bracing clamp andconnector assembly that permits fast attachment to hanger rods and thelike without the need for disassembly and reliably sustains heavy loads.

2. Description of the Related Art

There are many products and assemblies thereof utilized by building,plumbing and electrical contractors for bracing and supporting pipes,ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners, electrical cables,communication lines and other loads from ceilings, beams and floors.These products include clamps, braces, cables, hooks, straps, hangers,plates, brackets, among other items.

In many instances, a clamp is used to connect one end of a brace, suchas a bracing pipe or bracing cable, to a suspended load while the otherend is connected to an overlying supporting surface such as a ceiling,beam or floor. Typically, the clamp is connected to a rod extendingbelow the supporting surface and attached to it. The other end of therod is connected to a hanger or other element supporting the suspendedload.

In some cases, the rod must be disconnected from the hanger which isthereby removed from the load before the clamp can be connected to therod. The various items are then reconnected or reassembled.Disadvantageously, this adds to the time and labor involved in theinstallation, and hence to the cost of the installation. Moreover, andundesirably, many conventional connectors used to attach the clamp tothe rod can be expensive, difficult to install and not capable ofreliably sustaining heavy loads.

In some installations, a cable brace is used to support a suspendedload. Typically, a cable brace attachment is used to connect one end ofthe bracing cable to the load. Such attachments may also be used toconnect the opposing end of the bracing cable to an overlying supportingsurface such as a ceiling, beam or floor. Disadvantageously, the cablebrace attachments commonly used in the industry are difficult to installand expensive. Additionally, and undesirably, conventional cable braceattachments may not be suited for reliably sustaining heavy loads.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is one advantage of the invention to provide an interlocking swivelconnector for attachment to an existing system supporting a suspendedload below a ceiling, beam or floor without the need to disassemble ordisconnect any components of the system. The connector is easy toinstall and inexpensive to manufacture. The connector is removably orpermanently attachable to a sway brace clamp or attachment to form aconnector-clamp assembly. The assembly is capable of reliably supportingheavy loads against adverse sway and seismic disturbances.

It is another advantage of the invention to provide a sway cable braceclamp or fitting for securely attaching to a bracing cable and forsupporting a suspended load below a ceiling, beam or floor. The cableclamp is easy to install and inexpensive to manufacture. The cable clampis capable of reliably supporting heavy loads against adverse sway andseismic disturbances.

In accordance with one embodiment, a connector is provided for retrofitattachment to a threaded rod extending from a support structure forsupporting a suspended load against sway and seismic disturbances. Theconnector generally comprises a longitudinal axis and a pivot pindefining a rotation axis generally perpendicular to the longitudinalaxis, a first arm pivotable about the rotation axis and a second armpivotable about the rotation axis. The first arm generally comprises aproximal section, a medial section and a distal section. The first armproximal section is pivotably attached to the pivot pin. The first armmedial section is angled relative to the proximal section of the firstarm and has a slot extending generally upwards from a lower edgethereof. The first arm distal section is angled relative to the medialsection of the first arm and has a slot extending generally upwards froma lower edge thereof. The first arm distal section and the medialsection of the first arm are connected at a junction to form a curvedwall between the slots of the first arm. The second arm generallycomprises a proximal section, a medial section and a distal section. Thesecond arm proximal section is pivotably attached to the pivot pin. Thesecond arm medial section is angled relative to the proximal section ofthe second arm and has a slot extending generally downwards from anupper edge thereof. The second arm distal section is angled relative tothe medial section of the second arm and has a slot extending generallydownwards from an upper edge thereof. The second arm distal section andthe medial section of the second arm are connected at a junction to forma curved wall between the slots of the second arm. Advantageously, thearms are pivotable to interlock and mate with one another such that theslot of the medial section of the first arm is aligned with the slot ofthe medial section of the second arm and the slot of the distal sectionof the first arm is aligned with the slot of the distal section of thesecond arm to form a passage bounded by the curved walls and flanked bythe slots for capturing the rod therebetween.

In accordance with another embodiment, a seismic connector is providedfor retrofit attachment to a support element of an installation. Theconnector generally comprises a pivotable first arm and a pivotablesecond arm. The first arm generally comprises a first curved sectionflanked by a first slot and a second slot of the first arm. The secondarm generally comprises a second curved section flanked by a first slotand a second slot of the second arm. Advantageously, interlocking of theslots of the first arm with the second arm to receive selected portionsof the second arm within the slots of the first arm and interlocking ofthe slots of the second arm with the first arm to receive selectedportions of the first arm within the slots of the second arm forms anopening generally circumscribed by the first and second curved sectionsfor receiving the support element without requiring disassembly of theinstallation.

In accordance with yet another embodiment, a connector is provided forretrofit attachment to a support. The connector generally comprises afirst arm and a second arm. The first arm has a proximal end and adistal end and a first curved wall therebetween. The first arm includesa first slot having a base face and positioned between the first curvedwall and the proximal end of the first arm. The second arm has aproximal end and a distal end and a second curved wall therebetween. Thesecond arm includes a first slot having a base face and positionedbetween the second curved wall and the proximal end of the second arm.Advantageously, the arms are interlockable such that the base faces ofthe slots abut against one another to form a passage generally boundedby the curved walls for receiving the support.

In accordance with one embodiment, a sway brace assembly is provided.The assembly generally comprises a connector for retrofit attachment toa rod extending from a support surface and an attachment device coupledto the connector for attaching the connector to a brace. The connectorgenerally comprises a first arm and a second arm. The first arm has aproximal end, a distal end, a first angled section therebetween and afirst slot positioned between the first angled section and the proximalend of the first arm. The second arm has a proximal end, a distal end, asecond angled section therebetween and a first slot positioned betweenthe second angled section and the proximal end of the second arm.Advantageously, at least one of the arms is pivotable about a rotationaxis of the connector so that when the arms mate at least a portion ofeach of the arms is received in a corresponding one of the slots, theslots are aligned with one another and the angled sections form apassage for receiving the rod therebetween.

In accordance with one aspect, a method is provided of retrofittinglyattaching a seismic connector to a rod of an already existing supportinstallation without requiring disassembly of the installation. Theinstallation generally comprises the rod extending from a supportsurface and attached to a hanger supporting a suspended load. The methodincludes the step of positioning a first arm of the connector proximateto the rod so that a first curved wall of the first arm generallycircumscribes a portion of the rod. The first curved wall is flanked bya pair of slots on the first arm. The connector is rotated in a firstdirection about a generally longitudinal axis of the connector. A secondarm of the connector is pivoted towards the first arm. The second armhas a second curved wall flanked by a pair of slots on the second arm.The connector is rotated in a second direction generally opposite to thefirst direction about the longitudinal axis so that the arms mate andcorresponding slots of the arms are aligned to form a passage comprisingthe curved walls which receives the rod.

In accordance with one embodiment, a sway brace cable clamp is providedfor supporting a suspended load against sway and seismic disturbances.The cable clamp generally comprises a longitudinal axis and a pivot pindefining a rotation axis generally perpendicular to the longitudinalaxis, a main body portion pivotable about the rotation axis, areinforcement plate, a first bolt and a second bolt spaced from oneanother and a first nut and a second nut spaced from one another. Themain body portion generally comprises a generally flat flexible firstarm and a generally flat flexible second arm spaced from the first armto form a gap therebetween for receiving a cable. The first arm has aproximal portion with a proximal end and a distal portion with a firsthole and a second hole spaced from one another. The second arm has aproximal portion with a proximal end and a distal portion with a firsthole and a second hole spaced from one another. The reinforcement plateis in mechanical communication with the first arm and has a first holeand a second hole spaced from one another. The plate further comprisesan overhang portion extending towards the second arm and beyond thedistal portion of the first arm. The overhang portion has a generallycentral slot for aligning the cable. The first holes are generallyaligned with one another and the second holes are generally aligned withone another. The first bolt extends through the first holes and has ahead abutting against the reinforcement plate. The second bolt extendsthrough the second holes and has a head abutting against thereinforcement plate. The first nut is threadably engaged with the firstbolt and is in mechanical communication with the second arm. The secondnut is threadably engaged with the second bolt and is in mechanicalcommunication with the second arm. Advantageously, tightening of thenuts causes said arms to be displaced towards one another and close thegap between the arms to securely clamp one end of the cable between thearms and within the clamp.

In accordance with another embodiment, a sway brace cable clamp isprovided. The cable clamp generally comprises a generally flat firstarm, a generally flat second arm, a bolt and a generally longitudinalaxis. The first arm has a proximal end and comprises a rigid material.The second arm has a proximal end and comprises a flexible material. Thearms are spaced from one another and connected at the proximal ends toform a gap therebetween for receiving a cable. The bolt extends throughthe arms for clamping an end portion of the cable between the arms bydisplacing the second arm towards the first arm. The longitudinal axisextends substantially through the proximal ends and is substantiallyparallel or coaxial to the end portion of the cable when the cable isclamped between the arms.

In accordance with yet another embodiment, a sway brace cable clamp isprovided. The cable clamp generally comprises a first arm, a second armspaced from the first arm and being movable towards the first arm, and afastening device for urging the second arm towards the first arm tosecuringly capture a cable between the arms and the fastening device.

In accordance with one embodiment, a sway brace assembly is provided.The assembly generally comprises a cable clamp and an attachment deviceconnected to the clamp for attaching the clamp to a support. The cableclamp generally comprises an upper arm, a lower arm, a first fasteningelement and a second fastening element spaced from the first fasteningelement. The upper arm comprises a generally flat plate. The lower armcomprises a generally flat plate and is spaced from the upper arm toform a gap therebetween for receiving a bracing cable. The fasteningelements extend between the arms. At least one of the arms is flexibleand movable towards the other by actuation of the fastening elements toclose the gap and securely clamp the cable between the arms.

In accordance with one aspect, a method is provided of securing abracing cable within a clamp. The method includes the step of insertingthe cable into a gap formed between a pair of spaced and generally flatarms of the cable. The cable is positioned between a pair of bolts ofthe clamp which extend between the arms. A pair of nuts of the clamp aretightened with each nut being threadably engaged with a respective oneof the bolts to create relative motion between the arms and close thegap to clamp the cable between the arms and the bolts.

For purposes of summarizing the invention, certain aspects, advantagesand novel features of the invention have been described herein above. Ofcourse, it is to be understood that not necessarily all such advantagesmay be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of theinvention. Thus, the invention may be embodied or carried out in amanner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantagesas taught or suggested herein without necessarily achieving otheradvantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

All of these embodiments are intended to be within the scope of theinvention herein disclosed. These and other embodiments of the inventionwill become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from thefollowing detailed description of the preferred embodiments havingreference to the attached figures, the invention not being limited toany particular preferred embodiment(s) disclosed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Having thus summarized the general nature of the invention and some ofits features and advantages, certain preferred embodiments andmodifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the artfrom the detailed description herein having reference to the figuresthat follow, of which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace clamp assembly having features and advantages in accordancewith one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 1 showing theinterlocking swivel connector with its interlocking elements disengagedfrom one another;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partially sectional side view of the assembly of FIG. 1showing the sway brace clamp engaged with a brace;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the interlocking swivel connector of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the interlocking swivel connector of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7—7 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is an illustration of steps during manufacture of theinterlocking swivel connector in accordance with one embodiment of theinvention;

FIGS. 9A–9E are simplified views illustrating a series of steps toattach the assembly of FIG. 1 to a rod or bolt in accordance with oneembodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 10A–10E are simplified views illustrating a series of steps toattach the assembly of FIG. 1 to a rod or bolt in accordance withanother embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a simplified view showing the assembly of FIG. 1 in usesupporting a pipe suspended below a structure in accordance with oneembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a simplified view showing the assembly of FIG. 1 in usesupporting a trapeze hanger suspended below a structure in accordancewith one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a double-hinged interlocking swivelconnector and sway brace clamp assembly having features and advantagesin accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a two-piece interlocking connector andsway brace clamp assembly having features and advantages in accordancewith one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace clamp assembly having features and advantages in accordancewith one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace attachment assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace attachment assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace attachment assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andcable sway brace attachment assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 20 is a simplified view showing the assembly of FIG. 19 in useconnected to a support rod for supporting a load below a structure inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an interlocking swivel connector andsway brace clamp assembly having features and advantages in accordancewith another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 21 showing theinterlocking swivel connector with its interlocking elements disengagedfrom one another;

FIG. 23 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 21;

FIG. 24 is a top view of the interlocking swivel connector of FIG. 21;

FIG. 25 is a side view of the interlocking swivel connector of FIG. 21;

FIG. 26 is an end view of the interlocking swivel connector of FIG. 21;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a cable sway brace clamp andinterlocking swivel connector assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 28 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a top view of the cable sway brace clamp of FIG. 27;

FIG. 30 is a side view of the cable sway brace clamp of FIG. 27;

FIG. 31 is an end view of the cable sway brace clamp of FIG: 27;

FIG. 32 is a side view of the cable sway brace clamp of FIG. 27illustrating the clamp in a closed position secured to a cable;

FIG. 33 is an end view of the cable sway brace clamp of FIG. 32illustrating the clamp in a closed position secured to the cable;

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a cable sway brace clamp and yokeconnector assembly having features and advantages in accordance with oneembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 35 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of FIG. 34;

FIG. 36 is a simplified view showing the assemblies of FIGS. 27 and 34in use supporting a plurality of pipes suspended below a structure inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 37 is a simplified view showing the assemblies of FIGS. 27 and 34in use supporting a plurality of pipes suspended below a structure inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 38 is a simplified view showing the assemblies of FIGS. 27 and 34in use supporting a pipe suspended below a structure in accordance withone embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 39 is a perspective view of a cable sway brace clamp andinterlocking swivel connector assembly having features and advantages inaccordance with another embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The preferred embodiments of the invention described herein relategenerally to devices for bracing pipes and other loads suspended from orbelow ceilings, floors, beams, walls and the like, against sway andseismic disturbances and, more particularly, to a bracing clamp andconnector assembly that permits fast attachment to hanger rods and thelike without the need for disassembly and which can reliably sustainsheavy loads.

While the description sets forth various embodiment specific details, itwill be appreciated that the description is illustrative only and shouldnot be construed in any way as limiting the invention. Furthermore,various applications of the invention, and modifications thereto, whichmay occur to those who are skilled in the art, are also encompassed bythe general concepts described herein.

In accordance with one embodiment, an interlocking swivel connector isprovided for attachment to an existing system supporting a suspendedload below a ceiling, beam, floor or the like without the need todisassemble or disconnect any components of the system, thereby allowingfor efficient retrofitting The connector is easy to install andinexpensive to manufacture. The connector is removably or permanentlyattachable to a sway brace clamp or attachment to form a connector-clampassembly. The assembly is capable of reliably supporting heavy loadsagainst adverse sway and seismic disturbances.

In accordance with one embodiment, a sway cable brace clamp or fittingis provided for securely attaching to a bracing cable and for supportinga suspended load below a ceiling, beam, floor or the like. The cableclamp is easy to install and inexpensive to manufacture. The cable clampis capable of reliably supporting heavy loads against adverse sway andseismic disturbances.

Interlocking Swivel Connector and Clamp Assembly

FIGS. 1–4 show different views of one embodiment of a sway braceassembly of system 10 generally comprising an interlocking swivelconnector, bracket or attachment device 12 and a sway brace clamp,attachment or fitting 14. FIGS. 5–7 show different views of theinterlocking swivel connector 12.

As discussed in greater detail later herein, the seismic earthquakebrace connector 12 is attachable to a rod or bolt of an alreadyinstalled system supporting a suspended load, such as a pipe and thelike, without disassembly of the existing system. The clamp 14 issecurely attachable to a brace, such as a bracing pipe and the like, toprotect the suspended load against adverse sway and seismicdisturbances. The assembly 10 and/or the connector 12 and/or the clamp14 have a generally longitudinal axis 15.

Though, in the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the connector 12 isattached to the clamp 14, it should be appreciated that the connector 12may be efficaciously used in conjunction with a wide variety of othersuitable clamps, fittings, attachments and the like some of which aredisclosed later herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the connector 12 comprises apair of swivelably interlocking arms or interlock elements 16, 18arranged in a substantially scissors-like relation or configuration.Preferably, the arms 16, 18 are generally S- or Z-shaped. The connector12 and arms 16, 18 are pivotable or swivelable about a fastener or pin20 the longitudinal axis of which generally defines a rotation, pivot orswivel axis 22. The pin 20 mechanically connects or couples theconnector 12 and the clamp 14.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, advantageously, this hingedconnection or coupling between the connector 12 and clamp 14 allows theorientation and/or angulation between the connector 12 and clamp 14 tobe adjusted or selected, as needed or desired. Preferably, both theconnector 12 and clamp 14 are rotatable about the rotation axis 22through in modified embodiments only one may be, as needed or desired.

Similarly, for other embodiments disclosed or suggested herein whichutilize such a or similar or equivalent hinged connection, theorientation and/or angulation between the two hingedly attachedcomponents (e.g. connector and clamp or other attachment devices) canadvantageously be adjusted or selected, as needed or desired.Preferably, both components are rotatable about the rotation axis thoughin modified embodiments only one may be, as needed or desired.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the upper interlock arm 16is generally in the form of an angled or curvilinear wall or plate andgenerally comprises a proximal section or portion 24, a medial sectionor portion 26 and a distal section or portion 28. The proximal section24, the medial section 26 and the distal section 28 are angled withrespect to one another by predetermined angles to provide a geometrysuch that intersection or engagement of the arms 16, 18 creates a rod-or bolt-receiving hole 30.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIG. 1,the rod- or bolt-receiving hole 30 has a generally longitudinal axis 33that is oriented substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis 22 ofthe arms 16, 18. In other words, the projections of the holelongitudinal axis 33 and rotation axis 22, on a common plane that is notperpendicular to either of the axes 22, 33, intersect perpendicularly orat 90°.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the proximal section 24 isgenerally rectangular in shape with a generally curved proximal end 25(see, for example, FIG. 3). In other embodiments, the proximal section24 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the proximal section 24 may be configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIGS. 3,5 and 6, the proximal section 24 has a generally circular through holeor cavity 32 for receiving the pin 20. In other embodiments, theproximal section 24 and/or opening 32 may be configured in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the opening 32 maybe rectangular or square in shape, or configured in the form of othersuitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the medial section 26 isgenerally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the medial section26 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the medial section 26 may be configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the medial section 26includes a slot 34 for interlocking or mating with a correspondingportion of the lower connector arm 18. The slot 34 extends inwards froma lower edge 36 of the medial section 26 and is preferably generallyrectangular in shape or U-shaped. In the illustrated embodiment, and asbest depicted by FIGS. 2 and 3, the slot 34 preferably includes an upperor base face, surface or wall 35 and a pair of flanking opposed sidefaces or walls 37. In other embodiments, the slot 34 may be configuredin modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theslot 34 may be V-shaped or configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the junction between theproximal section 24 and medial section 26 forms a generally smoothcurve. In another embodiment, the junction between the proximal section24 and medial section 26 forms a generally sharp corner. In otherembodiments, the junction between the proximal section 24 and medialsection 26 may be configured in other modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, the junction between the proximal section24 and medial section 26 may be partially smooth and partially sharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the distal section 28 isgenerally rectangular in shape and has a distal end 29. In otherembodiments, the distal section 28 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the distal section28 may be configured in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonalshapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the distal section 28includes a slot 38 for interlocking or mating with a correspondingportion of the lower connector arm 18. The slot 38 extends inwards froma lower edge 40 of the distal section 28 and is preferably generallyrectangular in shape or U-shaped. In the illustrated embodiment, and asbest depicted by FIG. 2, the slot 38 preferably includes an upper orbase face, surface or wall 39 and a pair of flanking opposed side facesor walls 41. In other embodiments, the slot 38 may be configured inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theslot 38 may be V-shaped or configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the junction between themedial section 26 and distal section 28 forms a generally smooth curve.In another embodiment, the junction between the medial section 26 anddistal section 28 forms a generally sharp corner. In other embodiments,the junction between the medial section 26 and distal section 28 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the junction between the medial section 26 and distal section28 may be partially smooth and partially sharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the lower interlock arm 18is generally in the form of an angled or curvilinear wall or plate andgenerally comprises a proximal section or portion 44, a medial sectionor portion 46 and a distal section or portion 48. The proximal section44, the medial section 46 and the distal section 48 are angled withrespect to one another by predetermined angles to provide a geometrysuch that intersection or engagement of the arms 16, 18 creates the rod-or bolt-receiving hole 30.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the proximal section 44 isgenerally rectangular in shape with a generally curved proximal end 45(see, for example, FIG. 3). In other embodiments, the proximal section44 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the proximal section 44 may be configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIGS. 3,5 and 6, the proximal section 44 has a generally circular through holeor cavity 52 for receiving the pin 20. The hole 52 is generally alignedwith the pin-receiving hole 32 of the upper connector arm 16. In otherembodiments, the proximal section 44 and/or opening 52 may be configuredin modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theopening 52 may be rectangular or square in shape, or configured in theform of other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the medial section 46 isgenerally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the medial section46 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the medial section 46 may be configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the medial section 46includes a slot 54 for interlocking or mating with a correspondingportion of the upper connector arm 16. The slot 54 extends inwards froman upper edge 56 of the medial section 46 and is generally rectangularin shape or U-shaped. In the illustrated embodiment, and as bestdepicted by FIG. 2, the slot 54 preferably includes a lower or basesurface, face or wall 55 and a pair of flanking opposed side faces orwalls 57. In other embodiments, the slot 54 may be configured inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theslot 54 may be V-shaped or configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the junction between theproximal section 44 and medial section 46 forms a generally smoothcurve. In another embodiment, the junction between the proximal section44 and medial section 46 forms a generally sharp corner. In otherembodiments, the junction between the proximal section 44 and medialsection 46 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, the junction between the proximal section44 and medial section 46 may be partially smooth and partially sharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the distal section 48 isgenerally rectangular in shape and has a distal end 49. In otherembodiments, the distal section 48 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the distal section48 may be configured in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonalshapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the distal section 48includes a slot 58 for interlocking or mating with a correspondingportion of the upper connector arm 16. The slot 58 extends inwards froman upper edge 60 of the distal section 48 and is generally rectangularin shape or U-shaped. In the illustrated embodiment, and as bestdepicted by FIG. 2, the slot 58 preferably includes a lower or basesurface, face or wall 59 and a pair of flanking opposed side faces orwalls 61. In other embodiments, the slot 58 may be configured inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theslot 58 may be V-shaped or configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the junction between themedial section 46 and distal section 48 forms a generally smooth curve.In another embodiment, the junction between the medial section 46 anddistal section 48 forms a generally sharp corner. In other embodiments,the junction between the medial section 46 and distal section 48 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the junction between the medial section 46 and distal section48 may be partially smooth and partially sharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIGS. 1and 5, the rod- or bolt-capturing hole or passage 30 is generallycylindrical in shape and has a generally circular or ellipsoidalcross-section. The hole or opening 30 is sized to receive a rod or boltof a predetermined diameter. In other embodiments, the hole 30 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of capturing a supporting rod,bolt or the like and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, thehole 30 may be configured in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonalshapes and/or cross-sections.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIG. 5,a generally curved or C-, U- or V-shaped wall, portion or section 62 ofthe upper connector arm 16 and a generally curved or C-, U- or V-shapedwall, portion or section 64 of the lower connector arm 18 form the holeor cavity 30 when the arms 16, 18 are interlocked. Preferably, in theinterlocked position (see, for example, FIGS. 1 and 5), the hole 30 ispositioned between and adjacent to the interlocking or mating slots 34,38, 54, 58.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best seen in FIGS. 1and 5, the connector arms 16 and 18, when interlocked, intersect orengage one another at two locations each. In the interlocked position,the upper arm slot 34 and the lower arm slot 54 are substantiallyaligned with one another and the upper arm slot 38 and the lower armslot 58 are substantially aligned with one another. The upper arm slot34 receives or mates with a portion of the lower arm 18 that issubstantially adjacent to and/or below the lower arm slot 54 and theopposed slot faces 35 and 55 (FIGS. 2 and 3) abut against or contact oneanother. The lower arm slot 54 receives or mates with a portion of theupper arm 16 that is substantially adjacent to and/or above the upperarm slot 34 and the opposed slot faces 35 and 55 (FIGS. 2 and 3) abutagainst or contact one another. The upper arm slot 38 receives or mateswith a portion of the lower arm 18 that is substantially adjacent toand/or below the lower arm slot 58 and the opposed slot faces 39 and 59(FIG. 2) abut against or contact one another. The lower arm slot 58receives or mates with a portion of the upper arm 16 that issubstantially adjacent to and/or above the upper arm slot 38 and theopposed slot faces 39 and 59 (FIG. 2) abut against or contact oneanother.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best depicted by FIG.5, with the arms 16, 18 in the closed position, the upper arm proximalsection 24 and the lower arm proximal section 44 are spaced from oneanother and generally parallel to one another. The longitudinal axis 15is generally parallel to the proximal sections 24, 44, passes betweenthe proximal sections 24, 44 and is generally equidistantly spacedbetween the proximal sections 24, 44.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best depicted by FIG.5, when the arms 16, 18 in the closed position, the upper arm medialsection 26 and the lower arm medial section 46 intersect one another andthe longitudinal axis 15. Preferably, when the arms 16, 18 areinterlocked, the upper arm medial section 26 and the lower arm medialsection 46 intersect one another about perpendicularly, that is, theintersection angle between the sections 26 and 46 is about 90°.Preferably, the upper arm medial section 26 and the lower arm medialsection 46 intersect the longitudinal axis 15 at an angle of about 45°.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best depicted by FIG.5, when the arms 16, 18 in the closed position, the upper arm distalsection 28 and the lower arm distal section 48 intersect one another andthe longitudinal axis 15. Preferably, when the arms 16, 18 areinterlocked, the upper arm distal section 28 and the lower arm distalsection 48 intersect one another about perpendicularly, that is, theintersection angle between the sections 28 and 48 is about 90°.Preferably, the upper arm distal section 28 and the lower arm distalsection 48 intersect the longitudinal axis 15 at an angle of about 45°.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, and as best depicted by FIG.5, when the arms 16, 18 in the closed position, the passage 30 isgenerally aligned with the longitudinal axis 15. Preferably, thelongitudinal axis 15 passes through the center of the passage 30.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–7, the arm 16 and the arm 18are substantially structurally identical and interchangeable.Advantageously, this can facilitate fabrication of the connector 12, forexample, in die-cutting and die-casting processes, a single die can beused to manufacture either of the arms 16, 18. This desirably reducesmanufacturing costs. In other embodiments, the arms 16 and/or 18 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

As best illustrated in FIG. 3, in accordance with one embodiment, theconnector 12, and hence the arms 16, 18, and the clamp 14 arepermanently or quasi-permanently mechanically connected to one anotherby a rivet 20 a and a clinched rivet head 66 a. Also as best illustratedin FIG. 3, in accordance with another embodiment, the connector 12, andhence the arms 16, 18, and the clamp 14 are removably or releasablymechanically connected to one another by a bolt or screw 20 b and a nut66 b. In a modified embodiment, the nut 66 b is used in combination witha clinched rivet head or the like to connect to the bolt 20 b and henceprovide a permanent or pseudo-permanent mechanical connection betweenthe connector 12 and the clamp 14. In other embodiments, the connector12 and the clamp 14 may be efficaciously connected buy other permanentor temporary attachment fasteners, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a secure attachment and/or ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

In a modified embodiment, one of the arms 16 or 18 is substantiallyirrotational or fixed relative to the pin 20 and/or the clamp 14. Thus,only one of the arms 16 or 18 is swivelably manipulated to capture asupport rod, bolt or the like within the hole 30. Such a configurationachieves at least some of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

In another modified embodiment, the connector arms 16, 18 each onlycomprise a respective single slot 34, 54 and intersect or overlap atonly one location to form a rod- or bolt-receiving passage. That is, thedistal ends of the arms 16, 18 are truncated or terminate at or beforethe respective second slots 38, 58. In such an embodiment, with the armsin the closed position, the distal ends of the arms abut or are in closeproximity to one another. This configuration achieves at least some ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

Preferably, the connector arms 16, 18 are fabricated from a suitablystrong material to meet the standards set by the UnderwritersLaboratories (U. L.), Factory Mutual Engineering (F. M.), and other suchquality control groups. In one embodiment, the connector arms 16, 18comprise a mild steel. In another embodiment, the connector arms 16, 18comprise a carbon steel. In yet another embodiment, the connector arms16, 18 have an electro-galvanized finish. In other embodiments, theconnector arms may efficaciously comprise other materials, as requiredor desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing suitablystrong connector arms 16, 18 and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the connector arms 16, 18 can comprise other suitable metals,alloys, ceramics, plastics and the like.

In the exemplary embodiment, when the arms 16 and 18 are interlocked,the retrofit connector 12 has an overall length of about 8.9 cm (3.5inches) and a major width of about 5.1 cm (2.0 inches). In otherembodiments, the connector 12 may be dimensioned in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to theparticular application and/or to the goal of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the upper arm proximal section 24 and thelower arm proximal section 44 are spaced by a length of about 3.8 cm(1.5 inches). In other embodiments, the sections 24 and 44 may be spacedin modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the particular application and/or to the goal ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

In one embodiment, the rod- or bolt-receiving hole 30 has a diameter orminor diameter or cross-sectional dimension D₅ (see FIG. 5) of about1.35 cm (0.531 inches) and a length of about 1.9 cm (0.75 inches). Inanother embodiment, the diameter or minor diameter or cross-sectionaldimension D₅ is in the range from about 0.95 cm (⅜ inches) or slightlygreater than about 0.95 cm (⅜ inches) to about 1.9 cm (¾ inches) orslightly greater than about 1.9 cm (¾ inches). In yet anotherembodiment, the hole 30 can have dimensions such that it can receive andallow a retrofit connection to rods, bolts and the like having adiameter in the range from about 0.95 cm (⅜ inches) to about 1.9 cm (¾inches). In other embodiments, the hole 30 can be dimensioned inmodified manners, have a smaller or larger size and/or accommodate rods,bolts and the like having a smaller or larger diameter with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In one embodiment, the rod- or bolt-receiving hole 30 has a length,depth or height of about 1.9 cm (¾ inches) though other suitable lengthsmay be efficaciously used. The length of the rod- or bolt-receiving hole30 generally determines the length of the rod or bolt that is capturedwithin the connector 12 or hole 30. Preferably, the passage 30 isdimensioned such that an optimum length of the rod or bolt is capturedwithin the connector 12 or hole 30, thereby providing a secure andstable connection. In the illustrated embodiment, the length of thepassage 30 is greater than the length or depth of any of the slots 34,38, 54, 58.

In the exemplary embodiment, the angle between the upper arm proximalsection 24 and the upper arm medial section 26 is about 135°. In theexemplary embodiment, the angle between the upper arm medial section 26,and the upper arm distal section 28 is about 90°. In other embodiments,the angulation between the upper arm sections 24, 26, 28 may be modifiedwith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the angle between the lower arm proximalsection 44 and the lower arm medial section 46 is about 135°. In theexemplary embodiment, the angle between the lower arm medial section 46and the lower arm distal section 48 is about 90°. In other embodiments,the angulation between the lower arm sections 44, 46, 48 may be modifiedwith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the upper arm 16 has a thickness of about0.64 cm (¼ inches) and a height of 1.9 cm (¾ inches). Advantageously,this permits fabrication of the arm 16 from conventional bar stock, forexample, by utilizing stamping and/or punching operations. In otherembodiments, the arm 16 may be efficaciously configured with modifiedthicknesses, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the lower arm 18 has a thickness of about0.64 cm (¼ inches) and a height of 1.9 cm (¾ inches). Advantageously,this permits fabrication of the arm 18 from conventional bar stock, forexample, by utilizing stamping and/or punching operations. In otherembodiments, the arm 18 may be efficaciously configured with modifiedthicknesses, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the upper arm slot 34 has a width of about0.64 cm (0.25 inches), a length of about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches) and adepth of about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches). In the exemplary embodiment, theupper arm slot 38 has a width of about 0.64 cm (0.25 inches), a lengthof about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches) and a depth of about 0.95 cm (0.375inches). In other embodiments, the slots 34, 38 may be dimensioned inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a secure retrofit connectionand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the lower arm slot 54 has a width of about0.64 cm (0.25 inches), a length of about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches) and adepth of about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches). In the exemplary embodiment, thelower arm slot 58 has a width of about 0.64 cm (0.25 inches), a lengthof about 0.95 cm (0.375 inches) and a depth of about 0.95 cm (0.375inches). In other embodiments, the slots 54, 58 may be dimensioned inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a secure retrofit connectionand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the radii of curvature (for example, R₇ inFIG. 7) where the slots 34, 38 and slots 54, 58 open at edges of therespective arms 16 and 18 is about 0.32 cm (0.125 inches). In otherembodiments, these radii of curvature may be dimensioned in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the pin-receiving hole 32 at the upper armproximal section 24 has a diameter of about 1.0 cm (0.39 inches). In theexemplary embodiment, the upper arm proximal end 25 has a radius ofcurvature of about 1.1 cm (0.437 inches). In other embodiments, thepin-receiving hole 32 and/or the proximal end 25 may be dimensioned inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a secure retrofit connectionand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the pin-receiving hole 52 at the lower armproximal section 44 has a diameter of about 1.0 cm (0.39 inches). In theexemplary embodiment, the lower arm proximal end 45 has a radius ofcurvature of about 1.1 cm (0.437 inches). In other embodiments, thepin-receiving hole 52 and/or the proximal end 45 may be dimensioned inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a secure retrofit connectionand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

The scissor connector 12 of the preferred embodiments can bemanufactured or fabricated by a wide variety of methods and/ortechnologies. These include, without limitation, stamping/punching,casting, molding, forging, machining, among others.

In one preferred embodiment, and referring in particular to FIG. 8, thearms 16, 18 of the seismic connector 12 (see, for example, FIG. 1) aremanufactured by stamping generally flat strips of a material.Preferably, the material comprises a metal, such as mild steel or carbonsteel. A first strip is stamped into a generally rectangular plate 16′.The stamping includes the step of punching a hole 32′ and two slots 34′,38′. The plate 16′ is bent (to predetermined angles) around or aboutlines or axes 68 and 70 which (as shown in FIG. 8) generally define aproximal section 24′, a medial section 26′ and a distal section 28′, toform the seismic connector arm 16 (see, for example, FIG. 3) withcorresponding angulated proximal, medial and distal sections 24, 26 and28.

Still referring in particular to FIG. 8, a second strip is stamped intoa generally rectangular plate 18′. The stamping includes the step ofpunching a hole 52′ and two slots 54′, 58′. The plate 18′ is bent (topredetermined angles) around or about lines or axes 72 and 74, which (asshown in FIG. 8) generally define a proximal section 44′, a medialsection 46′ and a distal section 48′, to form the seismic connector arm18 (see, for example, FIG. 3) with corresponding angulated proximal,medial and distal sections 44, 46 and 48. The connector pin 20 is usedto connect the arms 16, 18 to a clamp or fitting, such as the clamp 14to form the connector-clamp assembly 10, as shown, for example, in FIG.1.

This manufacturing process or method, for the embodiments wherein theseismic connector arms 16, 18 are substantially structurally identical,can use the same cutting-die for fabricating both arms 16, 18.Advantageously, this saves on cost.

Moreover, such a manufacturing process is especially suited forautomated assembly lines, wherein stamping, punching and bendingoperations can be performed at high speeds and pick-and-place roboticarms or systems can efficiently manipulate the various components. Thesimplicity and speed of this manufacturing method results in an endproduct that is economical to manufacture, and thus is desirablyinexpensive.

In another embodiment, the connector arms 16, 18 (see, for example, FIG.3) are manufactured by casting or molding. For the embodiments whereinthe seismic connector arms 16, 18 are substantially structurallyidentical, the same casting-die or mold can be used for fabricating botharms 16, 18. Advantageously, this saves on cost.

The utility and versatility of the retrofit connector 12 and otherembodiments as taught or suggested herein will be readily apparent tothose skilled in the art. As discussed in further detail below, theinterlocking swivel connector 12 is attachable to an existing systemsupporting a suspended load below a ceiling, beam, floor or the likewithout the need to disassemble or disconnect any components of thesystem, thereby allowing for efficient retrofitting Advantageously, theconnector 12 is easy to install and inexpensive to manufacture. Theconnector is removably or permanently attachable to the sway brace clampor attachment 14 to form a connector-clamp assembly 10. The assembly 10is advantageously capable of reliably supporting heavy loads againstadverse sway and seismic disturbances. Desirably, the connector 12 iseasily installable and also easily removable. For example, it may beused in a new installation as well and subsequently be removed orreplaced, as needed or desired.

As discussed in more detail below, the seismic retrofit connector 12 canbe utilized in conjunction with a wide variety of fittings and clamps.In one preferred embodiment, and referring in particular to FIGS. 1–4,the sway brace assembly 10 comprises the connector 12 mechanicallyconnected to the clamp 14. Certain embodiments of the sway brace clampor fitting 14 are described in U.S. application Ser. No. 09/301,299,filed Apr. 28, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,273,372 B1, issued Aug. 14,2001, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by referenceherein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the sway brace fitting orclamp 14 generally comprises a clamp center plate 76, a clamp collarplate 78 and a set screw 80. The connector pin 20 mechanically connectsthe clamp 14 and connector 12. The clamp 14 is rotatable, swivelable orpivotable about the axis 22. As illustrated in the drawing of FIG. 4,the clamp 14 can securely and deformingly grip a brace wall 82 of abrace 84.

As discussed above, and as best illustrated in FIG. 3, in accordancewith one embodiment, the clamp 14 and the connector 12 are permanentlyor quasi-permanently mechanically connected to one another by a rivet 20a and a clinched rivet head 66 a. Also as best illustrated in FIG. 3, inaccordance with another embodiment, the clamp 14 and the connector 12are removably or releasably mechanically connected to one another by abolt or screw 20 b and a nut 66 b. In a modified embodiment, the nut 66b is used in combination with a clinched rivet head or the like toconnect to the bolt 20 b and hence provide a permanent orpseudo-permanent mechanical connection between the clamp 14 andconnector 12. In other embodiments, the clamp 14 and connector 12 may beefficaciously connected buy other permanent or temporary attachmentfasteners, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a secure attachment and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, and as best seen in FIGS. 3and 4, the clamp center plate 76 has a first jaw 86 at one end 88 and apin-receiving hole 90 at an opposite end 92. An inner edge of the jaw 86has a recess 94 for receiving deformed material 98 (see FIG. 4) from thebrace 84. The center plate 76 further includes a slot 102 for receivingthe collar plate 78 and an edge 104 which is located generally above themiddle and/or rear of the first jaw 86.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the recess 94 has a sharpcorner 96 (see FIG. 4) for resisting withdrawal of the brace 84, asdiscussed further below. In the illustrated embodiment, the recess 94 isgenerally V-shaped. In another embodiment, the recess 94 is generallyC-shaped. In yet another embodiment, the recess 94 is generallyU-shaped. In other embodiments, the recess 94 may be efficaciouslyconfigured in modified manners, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securelyengaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, and as best seen in FIG. 4,the edge 104 has a top corner 106 that protrudes towards the end 88 sothat the face of the edge 104 is protrudingly angled towards the end 88and is hence slightly offset or askew from the perpendicular withrespect to the brace wall 82. In the illustrated embodiment, the centerplate 76 includes a support 108 that is situated adjacent to and abovethe slot 102 and extends partially over the first jaw 86.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, and as best seen in FIGS. 3and 4, the clamp collar plate 78 comprises a second jaw 112 and a pairof legs 114, 116. The legs 114 and 116 are spaced by a slot 118 having aclosed end 120 and an open end 122. The second jaw 112 has a threadedopening 124 spaced from but close to the closed end 120 of the slot 118.

Preferably, the threaded opening 124 (FIGS. 3 and 4) is angled so thatits longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the edge 104 andhence slightly offset or askew from the perpendicular with respect tothe jaw 112 and/or the brace wall 82. In other embodiments, the opening124 may be efficaciously arranged in modified manners, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp orfitting for securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, and as best seen in FIGS. 3and 4, the collar plate legs 114 and 116 have substantially U-shapedportions 126 and 128, respectively, proximate to the open end 122 of theslot 118. The U-shaped portions 126 and 128 of the collar plate legs 114and 116, respectively, partially substantially circumscribe respectiveends of the pin-receiving hole 90. The pin 20 mechanically connects thecenter plate 76 and the collar plate 78 by traversing the U-shapedportions 126 and 128 and the hole 90. In other embodiments, the collarplate legs 114, 116 may be efficaciously shaped in modified manners, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga clamp or fitting for securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the slot 102 of the centerplate 76 and the slot 118 of the collar plate 78 are engaged with oneanother to space and align the first jaw 86 and the second jaw 112 forreceiving the brace wall 82. This also positions the threaded opening124 in substantial alignment with the recess 94. Additionally, a portion130 of the second jaw 112 is adjacent to the closed end 120 of thecollar plate slot 118 and is below and adjacent to the support 108 ofthe center plate 76.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the center plate jaw 86 andthe collar plate jaw 112 lie in planes that are substantiallyperpendicular. Preferably, the center plate jaw 86 substantially bisectsthe collar plate jaw 112. In other embodiments, the jaws 86 and 112 maybe efficaciously arranged in modified manners, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fittingfor securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the collar plate 78 has athickness which ensures a substantially comfortable fit into the slot102 of the center plate 76, and the slot 118 of the collar plate 78 isso dimensioned that it can comfortably accommodate the thickness of thecenter plate 76. In other embodiments, the center plate 76 and thecollar plate 78 may be dimensioned in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga sturdy clamp or fitting 14 and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

Preferably, the center plate 76 and the collar plate 78 are fabricatedfrom hot-rolled low-carbon steel to meet the standards set by theUnderwriters Laboratories (U. L.), Factory Mutual Engineering (F. M.),and other such quality control groups. Additionally, the center plate 76and the collar plate 78 may have a plain or electro-galvanized finish.In other embodiments, the center plate 76 and the collar plate 78 mayefficaciously comprise other materials, as required or desired, givingdue consideration to the goals of providing a suitably strong clamp orfitting 14 and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, thecenter plate 76 and the collar plate 78 can comprise other suitablemetals, alloys, ceramics, plastics and the like.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the set screw 80 comprises ahead 132, a threaded portion 134 and an end or point 136 for firmlyengaging or lodging in to the brace wall 82. The set screw 80 isthreadably movably mounted in the threaded opening 124 of the collarplate 78. The set screw 80 and/or its end or point 136 is substantiallyaligned with the recess 94.

Preferably, the set screw 80 is angled so that its longitudinal axis isslightly offset or askew from the perpendicular with respect to the jaw112 and/or the brace wall 82. In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS.1–4, the set screw 80 is positioned substantially parallely adjacent tothe angled edge 104 of the center plate 76. In other embodiments, theset screw 80 may be efficaciously arranged in modified manners, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga clamp or fitting for securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

Preferably, the screw or bolt head 132 comprises a break off head.Advantageously, this permits or assures verification of properinstallation as the head 132 breaks at a predetermined torque. In otherembodiments, the head 132 may,be efficaciously configured in modifiedmanners, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a clamp or fitting for securely engaging a brace and/or ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein. For example, the head 132 may be a permanenthead which does not break off.

Preferably, the set screw end 136 comprises a cone point (as shown, forexample, in FIG. 4) to securely and deformingly engage the brace wall82. In another embodiment, the set screw end 136 comprises a generallyflat or slightly curved end to securely and deformingly engage the bracewall 82. In other embodiments, the end 136 may be efficaciouslyconfigured in modified manners, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securelyengaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In one embodiment, the recess 94 of the clamp center plate 76 has a sizesubstantially the same as that of the diameter of the threaded portion134 of the set screw or bolt 80. In another embodiment, the recess 94 ofthe clamp center plate 76 has a size larger or slightly larger than thatof the diameter of the threaded portion 134 of the set screw or bolt 80.In other embodiments, the recess 94 may be efficaciously sized inmodified manners, as required or desired, giving due consideration tothe goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securely engaging a braceand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

Preferably, the set screw 80 is fabricated from a hardened carbon steel.In other embodiments, the set screw 80 may efficaciously comprise othermaterials, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a suitably strong screw 80 and/or of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the screw 80 can comprise other suitable metals, alloys,ceramics, plastics and the like.

In the exemplary embodiment, the center plate 76 is about 0.965 cm(0.375 inches) thick and has a major end-to-end length of about 7.6 cm(3 inches) and a major height of about 5.7 cm (2.25 inches). In otherembodiments, the clamp center plate 76 may be dimensioned in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securely engaging abrace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the collar plate 78 is about 0.79 cm(0.312) inches thick, and has a major end-to-end length of about 7.6 cm(3 inches), a width of about 3.8 cm (1.5 inches) and a major height ofabout 2.6 cm (1.03 inches). In other embodiments, the clamp collar plate78 may be dimensioned in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp orfitting for securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the distance between the opposing faces ofthe center plate slot 102 is about 0.81 cm (0.318 inches) which ensuresa substantially comfortable fit with the approximately 0.79 cm (0.312inches) thick collar plate 78. In other embodiments, the slot 102 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fittingfor securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the width of the collar plate slot 118 isabout 0.98 cm (0.385 inches), thus permitting a substantiallycomfortable mating between the approximately 0.965 cm (0.375 inches)thick center plate 76 and the collar plate 78. In other embodiments, theslot 118 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga clamp or fitting for securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the spacing between the first jaw 86 andthe second jaw 112 is about 0.64 cm (0.25 inches). Advantageously, thisjaw spacing permits insertion and capture of braces with varying wallthicknesses, and adds to the versatility of the clamp 14. In oneembodiment, braces having a wall thickness between about 25% to about75% of the jaw spacing are used. In other embodiments, jaws 86, 112 maybe configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fittingfor securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the major depth of the recess 94 of thecenter plate 76 is about 0.55 cm (0.218 inches) which is generally morethan sufficient to accommodate the deformed material 96. In otherembodiments, the recess 94 may be dimensioned in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a clamp or fitting for securely engaging a brace and/or ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the edge 104 of the center plate 76 isangled at an offset of about 5° from the perpendicular with respect tothe brace wall 82. In other embodiments, the edge 104 may be angled inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securelyengaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the threaded opening 124 of the collarplate 112 is angled at an offset of about 5° from the perpendicular withrespect to the jaw 112 and/or the wall 82. Hence, the set screw 80 isangled at an offset of about 5° from the perpendicular with respect tothe jaw 112 and/or the brace wall 82. In other embodiments, the threadedopening 124 may be angled in modified manners and/or the set screw 80mounted in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fittingfor securely engaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the threaded portion 134 of the set screw80 is about 3.2 cm (1.25 inches) long and comprises standard ½-inchthreads. In other embodiments, the set screw 80 may be configured inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securelyengaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In accordance with one embodiment, and referring in particular to FIG.4, when in use, the brace wall 82 is inserted between the first jaw 86and the second jaw 112 of the sway brace fitting or clamp 14. A torquewrench or other suitable tool is used to tighten the set screw 80against the brace wall 82 until the screw head 132 breaks off. Thisforcible engagement of the brace wall 82 with the set screw end or point136 causes deformation of the brace wall 82 and results in the recess 94receiving brace wall deformed material 98. This securely clamps thebrace 84 against the center plate first jaw 86.

In the illustrated embodiment FIGS. 1–4, and as best seen in FIG. 4,advantageously, the sharp corner 96 of the clamp recess 94 engages thedeformed material 98 of the brace wall 82 to resist withdrawal of thebrace 84 from between the jaws 86 and 112. The incorporation of therecess sharp corner 96 provides supplementary means for ensuring thatthe brace 84 remains firmly lodged in place.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4 of the clamp 14, the angledthreaded hole 124 and the subsequent angling of the set screw 80 resultin the set screw 80 being inclined towards the mouth of the first jaw 86and second jaw 112. Advantageously, this ensures that when a tensileload in the general direction 138 (see FIG. 4) is applied to the brace84 the set screw 80 is forced more tightly into the brace wall 82,thereby effectively enhancing the gripping power of the sway bracefitting or clamp 14. Additionally, when a compressive load in thegeneral direction 140 (see FIG. 4) is applied to the brace 84 the centerplate angled edge 104 which is positioned proximate to the set screw 80obstructs possible adverse movement of the set screw 80 and, hence,prevents possible bending and/or buckling of the second jaw 112, therebypermitting the sway brace fitting or clamp 14 to be reliably used athigher loading.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4, the simple manner in whichthe clamp center plate 76 and the clamp collar plate 78 fit with oneanother contributes to a number of desirable feature of the sway bracefitting or clamp 14. At least one of these features is partially due tothe center plate support 108. A substantial portion of the load appliedperpendicular to the plane of the second jaw 112 of the collar plate 78is supported by the center plate support 108. Advantageously, this loadis favorably oriented parallel to the plane of the support 108, andthereby the center plate 76, which effectively improves the strength ofthe sway brace clamp 14 and allows it to withstand higher loads.Additionally, the support 108 provides a strong physical barrier whichresists bending of the second jaw 112 of the collar plate 78.

Therefore, and referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1–4 ofthe clamp 14, the incorporation of the sharp corner 96 in the recess 94of the center plate first jaw 86, the angled threaded opening 124 in thecollar plate second jaw 112, the edge 104 of the center plate 76, andthe support 108 of the center plate 76 each contribute not only toenhancing the load-carrying capacity of the sway brace clamp 14, butalso provide a built-in safety redundancy which adds extra degrees ofsecurity and reliability in use of the sway brace clamp or fitting 14.

The clamp 14 of the preferred embodiments can be attached to any one ofa number of braces. These include without limitation different sizes ofbracing pipes, angle irons, channels, I-beams, plates, structural steeland the like, a wall of each of which can be gripped by the sway braceclamp 14. This exemplifies the versatility of the sway brace clamp 14wherein it is adaptable to various types and/or sizes of braces. Incontrast, many conventional sway brace clamps or fittings are typicallyrestricted to a single type of brace and would need additionalattachment components for accommodating different types of braces,thereby adding to the cost and complexity of the system and itsinstallation.

In one preferred embodiment, the sway brace clamp 14 (FIGS. 1–4) ismanufactured by stamping, punching and bending operations as describedin U.S. application Ser. No. 09/301,299, filed Apr. 28, 1999, now U.S.Pat. No. 6,273,372 B1, issued Aug. 14, 2001, the entire contents ofwhich are hereby incorporated by reference herein. In other embodiments,the clamp 14 may be efficaciously manufactured by casting, molding,forging, machining, among others, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals of providing a clamp or fitting for securelyengaging a brace and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

The utility and versatility of the sway brace clamp 14 will be readilyapparent to those skilled in the art. The sway brace clamp or fittingcan not only withstand substantial loads, but is also adaptable to avariety of braces, is simply and expeditiously installable, iseconomical to manufacture and, hence, desirably inexpensive.

In accordance with one embodiment, FIGS. 9A–9E illustrate a series ofsteps used to retrofittingly attach the connector 12 of the sway braceassembly 10 to a support rod or bolt 142 without disassembly of thepre-existing installation. One end of the rod 142 is typically connectedto a hanger or the like for supporting a load and the other end extendsfrom a structure such as a ceiling, floor, beam and the like. The loadcan comprise pipes, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners,heaters, electrical cables, communication lines, among others.

Referring in particular to FIG. 9A, with the connector arms 16 and 18 inan open position, the connector arm 18 engages the rod 142 and partiallycircumscribes it. More specifically, the portion 64 of the arm 18engages the rod 142 and partially circumscribes it. The arm 16 is in agenerally raised position. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 9A,typically, the arm 18 is seated on a hanger 144 or the like connected tothe suspended load. Of course, the arm 18 may be positioned higher up onthe rod 142 and subsequently lowered later.

Referring in particular to FIG. 9B, the connector 12 (and hence assembly10) is angled, pivoted or rotated generally about the longitudinal axis.In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 9B, when viewing along line 9B—9B,the rotation is generally in a clockwise direction.

Referring in particular to FIG. 9C, the raised arm 16 is then lowered.That is, the arm 16 pivots or swivels about the rotation axis 22 towardsthe arm 18. At this stage, typically, the arms 16 and 18 are notinterlocked but are close to or in mechanical contact with one another.

Referring in particular to FIG. 9D, the connector 12 (and hence theassembly 10) is again angled, pivoted or rotated generally about thelongitudinal axis 15. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 9D, whenviewed along line 9D—9D, the rotation is generally in a counterclockwisedirection. This rotation straightens the connector 12 (and assembly 10)so that the arms 16 and 18 interlock and capture the rod 142 within therod- or bolt-receiving cavity 30 formed thereby. More specifically, inthis step, the curved/angled wall portion 62 of the arm 16 engages therod 142 and partially circumscribes it along with the curved/angled wallportion 64 of the arm 18, both of which in combination form the hole 30.

Referring in particular to FIG. 9E, one or more pre-existing nuts 146 orthe like are tightened to securely fasten the arms 16, 18, and hence theconnector 12 (and assembly 10) to the rod or bolt 142. This generallycompletes the retrofit installation of the connector 12 to the rod 142.As illustrated further below, the clamp 14 (shown, for example, in FIGS.1–4) is then secured to a suitable brace which in turn is connected toan overlying structure, to complete the full installation. In theillustrated embodiment of FIG. 9E, the pivot axis 22 of the connector 12(and assembly 10) is oriented generally perpendicular to the rod or bolt142 and/or to the longitudinal axis of the rod or bolt 142.

In accordance with another embodiment, FIGS. 10A–10E illustrate a seriesof steps used to retrofittingly attach the connector 12 of the swaybrace assembly 10 to a support rod or bolt 142 without disassembly ofthe pre-existing installation. As indicated above and discussed furtherbelow, one end of the rod 142 is typically connected to a hanger or thelike for supporting a load and the other end extends from below astructure such as a ceiling, floor, beam and the like. The load cancomprise pipes, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners,heaters, electrical cables, communication lines, among others.

Referring in particular to FIG. 10A, with the connector arms 16 and 18in an open position, the connector arm 16 engages the rod 142 andpartially circumscribes it. More specifically, the portion 62 of the arm16 engages the rod 142 and partially circumscribes it. The arm 18 is ina generally lowered position. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 10A,the arm 16 is spaced from the hanger 144 to provide clearance for thelowered arm 18.

Referring in particular to FIG. 10B, the connector 10 (and hence theassembly 10) is angled, pivoted or rotated generally about thelongitudinal axis 15. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 10B, whenviewed along line 10B—10B, the rotation is generally in acounter-clockwise direction.

Referring in particular to FIG. 10C, the lower arm 18 is then raised.That is, the arm 18 pivots or swivels about the rotation axis 22 towardsthe arm 16. At this stage, typically, the arms 16 and 18 are notinterlocked but are close to or in mechanical contact with one another.

Referring in particular to FIG. 10D, the connector 12 (and hence theassembly 10) is again angled, pivoted or rotated generally about thelongitudinal axis 15 . In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 10D, whenviewed along line 10D—10D, the rotation is generally in a clockwisedirection. This rotation straightens the connector 12 (and the assembly10) so that the arms 16 and 18 interlock and capture the rod 142 withinthe rod- or bolt-receiving cavity 30 formed thereby. More specifically,in this step, the curved/angled wall portion 64 of the arm 18 engagesthe rod 142 and partially circumscribes it along with the curved/angledwall portion 62 of the arm 16, both of which in combination form thehole 30.

Referring in particular to FIG. 10E, one or more pre-existing nuts 146or the like are tightened to securely fasten the arms 16, 18, and hencethe connector 12 and (assembly 10) to the rod or bolt 142. Thisgenerally completes the retrofit installation of the connector 12 to therod 142. As illustrated further below, the clamp 14 (shown, for example,in FIGS. 1–4) is then secured to a suitable brace which in turn isconnected to an overlying structure, to complete the full installation.In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 10E, the pivot axis 22 of theconnector 12 (and assembly 10) is oriented generally perpendicular tothe rod or bolt 142 and/or to the longitudinal axis of the rod or bolt142.

It will be appreciated that more than one connector 12 may be utilizedin a stacked configuration with the rod- or bolt-receiving passages 30generally aligned to receive the rod, as needed or desired. (FIGS. 37and 38 illustrate the use of a stack of two connectors 12 though moremay be efficaciously utilized, as needed or desired.)

FIG. 11 is a simplified view in accordance with one embodiment, showingthe seismic connector-clamp assembly 10 in use supporting a load or pipe148 suspended below a structure 150. A threaded support rod 142 extendsfrom the structure and is engaged with or connected to a clevis hanger152, as known in the art, supporting the pipe 148. The hanger 152generally comprises a lower portion 152 a in which the pipe 148 isreceived and is connected by a cross-bolt spacer 152 b to an upperportion 152 c of the hanger 152 in which an end of the rod 142 isreceived. The connector 12 receives the rod 142 within the cavity 30(see, for example, FIG. 1) formed by the interlocking arms 16, 18 and issecured to the hanger 152 by a pair of pre-existing nuts 146 on the rod142.

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 11, the clamp 14 isconnected to one end of a pipe brace 154. Of course, other types ofbraces may be efficaciously utilized, as needed or desired. The otherend of the brace 154 is connected to the structure 150 by another clamp14 attached to a yoke member 156. The yoke 156 is secured to thestructure 150 by an anchor, bolt or screw 158 or the like. In otherembodiments, the upper end of the brace 154 may be connected to thestructure 150 using other suitable attachment devices with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of reliablysupporting a load against adverse sway and seismic disturbances and/orof achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

FIG. 12 is a simplified view in accordance with another embodiment,showing the installation of the seismic connector-clamp assembly 10below a structure 150. A threaded support rod 142 extends from thestructure and is engaged with or connected to a trapeze type hanger 160,as known in the art, for supporting a load such as one or more pipes(not shown) seated on and/or secured to the hanger 160. The connector 12receives the rod 142 within the cavity 30 (see, for example, FIG. 1)formed by the interlocking arms 16, 18 and is secured to the hanger 160by a pair of pre-existing nuts 146 on the rod 142.

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 12, the clamp 14 isconnected to one end of a channel brace 162. Of course, other types ofbraces may be efficaciously utilized, as needed or desired. The otherend of the brace 162 is connected to the structure 150 by another clamp14 attached to a yoke member 156. The yoke 156 is secured to thestructure 150 by an anchor, bolt or screw 158 or the like. In otherembodiments, the upper end of the brace 162 may be connected to thestructure 150 using other suitable attachment devices with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of reliablysupporting a load against adverse sway and seismic disturbances and/orof achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

Though the embodiments of FIGS. 11 and 12 show the load suspended belowa generally horizontal surface with the yoke 156 attached thereto, thoseof ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the yoke 156 or otherattachment device, used in conjunction with any of the preferredembodiments, may be efficaciously attached to other surfaces, as neededor desired. For example, the yoke 156 may be attached to a generallyvertical beam or wall or to an inclined surface.

The skilled artisan will also appreciate that in the situation that aretrofit connection is not needed or desired, the yoke 556 may besubstituted for the retrofit connector 12 in FIGS. 11 and 12. Also, theretrofit connector 12 and other retrofit connectors of the preferredembodiments may be utilized in conjunction with a new, that is, notpreexisting, installation with efficacy, as needed or desired. Thisfacilitates, for example, in adjustment, removal, and/or replacement ofthe retrofit connector and/or of the installation.

Also, as the skilled artisan will appreciate, that though theembodiments of FIGS. 11 and 12 refer to supporting one or more pipes,other loads may be efficaciously supported in conjunction with any ofthe preferred embodiments, as needed or desired. These include, withoutlimitation, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners, heaters,electrical cables, communication lines, and the like, among others.

FIG. 13 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 a, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising a modified double-hinged swivel interlockingconnector 12 a and the brace clamp 14. The connector 12 a provides aretrofit connection to a support rod or bolt of a pre-existinginstallation. Though, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the connector 12 ais shown attached to the clamp 14, it should be appreciated that theconnector 12 a may be efficaciously used in conjunction with a widevariety of other suitable clamps, fittings, attachments and the like,some of which are disclosed later herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 13, the double-hinged connector 12a comprises a pair of swivelably interlocking arms or interlock elements16 a, 18 a. A proximal end or portion (or alternatively a distal end orportion) 45 a of the arm 18 a is connected to the clamp 14 by a pin,bolt or rivet 20 a′ and is pivotable about a rotation axis 22 agenerally defined by the longitudinal axis of the pin 20 a′. A distalend or portion (or alternatively a proximal end or portion) 49 a of thearm 18 a is connected to a pin, bolt or rivet 20 a″. The arm 18 a has apair of spaced slots 54 a, 58 a to receive and interlock with the arm 16a and form a support rod- or bolt-receiving cavity 30 a (shown inphantom).

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 13, the arm 18 a is alsoswivelable or rotatable about an axis 22 a′ generally defined by thelongitudinal axis of the pin 20 a″. In a modified embodiment, the arm 18a is fixed in position (not rotatable) relative to the axis 22 a′.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 13, the arm 16 a has a proximalend 25 a pivotably connected to the pin, bolt or rivet 20 a″ andpivotable, rotatable or swivelable about the axis 22 a′. The proximalend 25 a is, in one embodiment, spaced from the distal end 49 a of theother arm 18 a by a spacer 164 or the like. The arm 16 a has a pair ofspaced slots 34 a, 38 a which overlap with respective slots 54 a, 58 ato receive and interlock with the arm 18 a and form the support rod- orbolt-receiving cavity 30 a (shown in phantom). As discussed before,pre-existing nuts or the like are used to secure the connector 12 a tothe support rod or bolt to complete the installation.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 a′ comprises a rivet or the like and thearm 18 a is permanently or quasi-permanently connected to the pin 20 a′and/or clamp 14. In another embodiment, the pin 20 a′ comprises a boltor the like and the arm 18 a is removably or releasably connected to thepin 20 a and/or clamp 14.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 a″ comprises a rivet or the like and thearm 18 a is permanently or quasi-permanently connected to the pin 20 a″.In another embodiment, the pin 20 a″ comprises a bolt or the like andthe arm 18 a is removably or releasably connected to the pin 20 a″.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 a″ comprises a rivet or the like and thearm 16 a is permanently or quasi-permanently connected to the pin 20 a″.In another embodiment, the pin 20 a″ comprises a bolt or the like andthe arm 16 a is removably or releasably connected to the pin 20 a″.

In a modified embodiment, and as discussed above in connection with theembodiments of FIGS. 1–7, the connector arms 16 a, 18 a each onlycomprise a respective single slot 38 a, 58 a and intersect or overlap atonly one location to form a rod- or bolt-receiving passage. Thisconfiguration achieves at least some of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

FIG. 14 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 b, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising a modified two-piece interlocking connector 12 band the brace clamp 14. The connector 12 b provides a retrofitconnection to a support rod or bolt of a pre-existing installation.Though, in the embodiment of FIG. 14, the connector 12 b is shown withthe clamp 14, it should be appreciated that the connector 12 b may beefficaciously used in conjunction with a wide variety of other suitableclamps, fittings, attachments and the like, some of which are disclosedlater herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 14, the connector 12 b comprises apair of interlocking arms or interlock elements 16 b, 18 b. A proximalend or portion 45 b of the arm 18 b is connected to the clamp 14 by apin, bolt or rivet 20 b′ and is pivotable about a rotation axis 22 bgenerally defined by the longitudinal axis of the pin 20 b′. The arm 18b has a pair of spaced slots 54 b, 58 b to receive and interlock withthe arm 16 b and form a support rod- or bolt-receiving cavity 30 b(shown in phantom).

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 14, the arm or bracket 16 a isprovided as a separate piece that interlocks with the arm 18 b duringinstallation of the connector 12 b. The arm 16 b has a pair of spacedslots 34 b, 38 b which overlap with respective slots 54 b, 58 b toreceive and interlock with the arm 18 b and form the support rod- orbolt-receiving cavity 30 b (shown in phantom). As discussed before,pre-existing nuts or the like are used to secure the connector 12 a tothe support rod or bolt to complete the installation.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 b′ comprises a rivet or the like and thearm 18 b is permanently or quasi-permanently connected to the pin 20 b′and/or clamp 14. In another embodiment, the pin 20 b′ comprises a boltor the like and the arm 18 b is removably or releasably connected to thepin 20 b′ and/or clamp 14.

In a modified embodiment, and as discussed above in connection with theembodiments of FIGS. 1–7, the connector arms 16 b, 18 b each onlycomprise a respective single slot 34 b, 54 b or 38 b, 58 b and intersector overlap at only one location to form a rod- or bolt-receivingpassage. This configuration achieves at least some of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

FIG. 15 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 c, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising the swivel interlock connector 12 and a swaybrace clamp 14 c which is preferably casted as a single piece. Theassembly 10 c by utilizing the connector 12 provides a retrofitconnection to a support rod or bolt of a pre-existing installation. Theclamp 14 c is used to connect the assembly 10 c to a brace, for example,a bracing pipe, a channel, an angle iron, an I-beam, a plate, structuralsteel and the like, a wall of each of which can be forcibly gripped bythe sway brace clamp 14 c.

The clamp 14 c is a modified embodiment of the clamp 14 (see FIGS. 1–4)and essentially unifies the plates 76 and 78 of the clamp 14. In theillustrated embodiment of FIG. 15, the casted clamp 14 c issubstantially cannon-shaped, but is functionally substantiallyequivalent to the illustrated clamp 14 (see FIGS. 1–4).

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 15, the clamp 14 c has a first jaw86 c with a recess 94 c which in turn preferably includes a sharp corner96 c. The clamp 14 c further includes a second jaw 112 c with a threadedopening 124 c, preferably angled, for receiving a set screw 80 c,preferably having a cone point 136 c. The set screw 136 c deforminglyengages a brace wall inserted between the clamp jaws 86 c and 112 c sothat the clamp can securely grip a brace.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 15, a connector pin, bolt or rivet20 c mechanically connects the clamp 14 c and the connector 12. Thelongitudinal axis of the pin 20 c generally defines a rotation or pivotaxis 22 c about which the clamp 14 c and the connector 12 can rotate,pivot or swivel.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 c comprises a rivet or the like and theconnector 12 and clamp 14 c are permanently or quasi-permanentlyconnected to one another. In another embodiment, the pin 20 c comprisesa bolt or the like and the connector 12 and clamp 14 c are removably orreleasably connected to one another.

FIG. 16 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 d, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising the swivel interlock connector 12 and a swaybrace attachment or fitting 14 d. The assembly 10 d by utilizing theconnector 12 provides a retrofit connection to a support rod or bolt ofa pre-existing installation. The fitting 14 d is used to connect theassembly 10 d to a brace, preferably, to a bracing pipe.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 16, the fitting 14 d generallycomprises a pair of walls 166 and 168 spaced apart by an end wall 170having a threaded opening for receiving a set screw or bolt 172. Thefirst wall 166 has a through hole 174 generally aligned with a throughhole 176 of the second wall 168 to form a passage therebetween andtherethrough for receiving a brace, preferably, a bracing pipe. The setscrew 172 preferably has a hardened cone point for forcibly anddeformingly engaging a wall of the brace to securely connect the fitting14 d to the brace. Typically, the screw 172 is tightened until its headbottoms out. Advantageously, the open design provided by the illustratedfitting 14 d allows for easy inspection of pipe engagement.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 16, a connector pin, bolt or rivet20 d mechanically connects the fitting 14 d and the connector 12. Thelongitudinal axis of the pin 20 d generally defines a rotation or pivotaxis 22 d about which the fitting 14 d and the connector 12 can rotate,pivot or swivel.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 d comprises a rivet or the like and theconnector 12 and fitting 14 d are permanently or quasi-permanentlyconnected to one another. In another embodiment, the pin 20 d comprisesa bolt or the like and the connector 12 and fitting 14 d are removablyor releasably connected to one another.

FIG. 17 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 e, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising the swivel interlock connector 12 and a swaybrace attachment or fitting 14 e. The assembly 10 e by utilizing theconnector 12 provides a retrofit connection to a support rod or bolt ofa pre-existing installation. The fitting 14 e is used to connect theassembly 10 e to a brace, preferably, to a bracing pipe.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 17, the fitting 14 e is generallycylindrical in shape and comprises an inner opening 178 with femalethreads 180. The threaded opening 178 is adapted to engage a bracingpipe having male threads at one end so as to secure the fitting 10 e tothe bracing pipe.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 17, a connector pin, bolt or rivet20 e mechanically connects the fitting 14 e and the connector 12. Thelongitudinal axis of the pin 20 e generally defines a rotation or pivotaxis 22 e about which the fitting 14 e and the connector 12 can rotate,pivot or swivel.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 e comprises a rivet or the like and theconnector 12 and fitting 14 e are permanently or quasi-permanentlyconnected to one another. In another embodiment, the pin 20 e comprisesa bolt or the like and the connector 12 and fitting 14 e are removablyor releasably connected to one another.

FIG. 18 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 f, in accordance with oneembodiment, comprising the swivel interlock connector 12 and a swaybrace attachment or fitting 14 f. The assembly 10 f by utilizing theconnector 12 provides a retrofit connection to a support rod or bolt ofa pre-existing installation. The fitting 14 f is used to connect theassembly 10 f to a brace such as a bracing pipe, channel or the like.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 18, the fitting 14 f generallycomprises a plate 182 having through holes 184 for receiving one or morefasteners to connect the fitting 14 f to a brace. In one embodiment, thefasteners comprise bolts or screws 186 which in combination with nuts188 f′ secure the fitting 14 f to the brace, such as a channel or thelike, by engaging suitably configured spaced holes at one end of thebrace and the holes 184′. In another embodiment, the fastener comprisesa U-bolt 190 which in combination with nuts 188 f′ secures the fitting14 f to the brace, such as a pipe or the like, by receiving one end ofthe brace and engaging the holes 184″.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 18, a connector pin, bolt or rivet20 f mechanically connects the fitting 14 f and the connector 12. Thelongitudinal axis of the pin 20 f generally defines a rotation or pivotaxis 22 f about which the fitting 14 f and the connector 12 can rotate,pivot or swivel.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 f comprises a rivet or the like and theconnector 12 and fitting 14 f are permanently or quasi-permanentlyconnected to one another. In another embodiment, the pin 20 f comprisesa bolt or the like and the connector 12 and fitting 14 f are removablyor releasably connected to one another.

FIGS. 19 and 20 shows a seismic brace assembly 10 g, in accordance withone embodiment, comprising the swivel interlock connector 12 and a cablebrace attachment or fitting 14 g. The assembly 10 g by utilizing theconnector 12 provides a retrofit connection to a support rod or bolt 142g (see FIG. 20) of a pre-existing installation. As shown in FIG. 20, thefitting 14 g is used to connect the assembly 10 g to a cable brace 192.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 19, the cable sway braceattachment 14 g generally comprises a generally U-shaped main bodyportion 194 that generally loops around a pin, bolt or rivet 20 g whoselongitudinal axis generally defines a rotation or pivot axis 22 g aboutwhich the connector 12 and the attachment 14 g can rotate, pivot orswivel. The main body portion 194 has a generally central slot 196 whichis also generally U-shaped and loops about the bolt 20 g.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 19, the cable sway braceattachment or fitting 14 g further comprises a cable guide rail or clip198. As shown in FIG. 19, the guide rail 198 generally loops through theslot 196 of the main body portion 194. The guide rail includes a groove200 for receiving and aligning the cable 192.

In one embodiment, the pin 20 g comprises a rivet or the like and theconnector 12 and attachment 14 g are permanently or quasi-permanentlyconnected to one another. In another embodiment, the pin 20 g comprisesa bolt or the like and the connector 12 and attachment 14 g areremovably or releasably connected to one another.

The use of the seismic brace assembly 10 g is best seen in FIG. 20. Theconnector 12 is attached to the support rod 142 g which in turn isconnected to a hanger 152 g or the like to support a load below astructure. The cable brace attachment 14 g is secured to the cable 192.One end of the cable 192 loops over the guide rail 198 (see FIG. 19) andis secured in position by cable fasteners clamps 202, as are known inthe art.

Another Retrofit Connector and Clamp Assembly

FIGS. 21–23 show different views of one embodiment of a sway braceassembly or system 210 generally comprising an interlocking swivelconnector, bracket or attachment device 212 and the sway brace clamp,attachment or fitting 14. FIGS. 24–26 show different views of theinterlocking swivel connector 212.

As discussed above for the connector 12 (see, for example, FIGS. 1–7),the seismic earthquake brace connector 212 is retrofittingly attachableto a rod or bolt of an already installed system supporting a suspendedload, such as a pipe and the like, without disassembly of the existingsystem. The clamp 14 is securely attachable to a brace, such as abracing pipe and the like, to protect the suspended load against adversesway and seismic disturbances. The assembly 210 and/or the connector 212and/or the clamp 214 have a generally longitudinal axis 215.

Though, in the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–23, the connector 212is attached to the clamp 14, it should be appreciated that the connector212 may be efficaciously used in conjunction with a wide variety ofother suitable clamps, fittings, attachments and the like. These includewithout limitation the clamp 14 c (FIG. 15), the fitting 14 d (FIG. 16),the fitting 14 e (FIG. 17), the fitting 14 f (FIG. 18), the cableattachment 14 g (FIG. 19), among others.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the connector 212comprises a pair of swivelably interlocking arms or interlock elements216, 218. The connector 212 and arms 216, 218 are pivotable orswivelable about a fastener, pin, rivet or bolt 220 the longitudinalaxis of which generally defines a rotation, pivot or swivel axis 222.The pin 220 mechanically connects or couples the connector 212 and theclamp 14.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the upper interlock arm orbracket 216 and the lower interlock arm or bracket 218 are in the formof generally angled plates and comprise respective slots 234, 254. Asbest seen in FIGS. 21 and 24, intersection, overlap or engagement of thearms 216, 218 creates a rod- or bolt-receiving passage or hole 230formed by at least partial overlapping of the slots 234, 254.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best seen in FIGS.21 and 24, the rod- or bolt-receiving passage 230 has a generallylongitudinal axis 233 that is oriented substantially perpendicular tothe rotation axis 222 of the arms 216, 218. In other words, theprojections of the passage longitudinal axis 233 and rotation axis 222,on a common plane that is not perpendicular to either of the axes 222,233, intersect perpendicularly or at 90°.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the arm 216 generallycomprises a proximal section 224, a main body portion 226 and a sidewall 228. The arm 218 generally comprises a proximal section 244, a mainbody portion 246 and a side wall 248.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the upper arm proximalsection 224 is generally rectangular in shape with a generally curvedproximal end 225 (see, for example, FIG. 23). In other embodiments, theproximal section 224 may be configured in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalof achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein. For example, the proximal section 224 may beconfigured in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the proximal section 224has a generally circular through hole or cavity 232 (shown in theexploded perspective view of FIG. 23) for receiving the pin 220. Inother embodiments, the proximal section 224 and/or opening 232 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the opening 232 may be rectangular or square in shape, orconfigured in the form of other suitable polygonal or non-polygonalshapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the main body portion orsection 226 is generally flat and rectangular in shape. In otherembodiments, the main body portion 226 may be configured in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the main bodyportion 226 may be configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the main body portion 226includes the slot 234 for overlapping with at least a portion of theslot 254 of the lower connector arm 218 to form the rod- orbolt-receiving hole or passage 230. The slot 234 extends inwards from aside edge 236 (see, for example, FIG. 23) of the body portion 226towards the side wall 228 and is spaced from the side wall 228. The slot234 is preferably generally U-shaped. In other embodiments, the slot 234may be shaped in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the slot 234 may be rectangular, V-shaped or configured inother suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as shown in FIG. 23,cuts or niches 237, 239 are provided at the intersection of the sideedge 236 and respective proximal and distal edges 241, 243 of the mainbody portion 226. As best seen in FIG. 21, this allows side portions 251of the upper arm main body portion 226 to be received in a groove of thelower arm 218. Simultaneously, the upper arm niches 237, 239 receiveportions (which flank the lower arm groove, as discussed in more detailbelow) of the lower arm side wall 248. Advantageously, this facilitatesinterlocking and alignment between the arms 216 and 218.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the upper arm side wall228 is generally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the sidewall 228 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, the side wall 228 may be configured inother suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best seen in FIGS.22 and 23, the side wall 228 has a lower edge 240 which is spaced fromthe main body portion 226 and has a groove or slot 238 formed thereonfor interlocking or mating with a corresponding portion of the lower arm218. The groove 238 extends inwards from the lower edge 240 and isgenerally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the groove 238 maybe configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the groove 238 may be V-shaped or configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the upper arm side wall228 extends substantially perpendicularly from the main body portion 226and is substantially planar with the proximal section 224. In otherembodiments, the side wall 228 may be oriented in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof spacing the body portions 226, 246 and/or of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the junction between themain body portion 226 and the side wall 228 forms a generally smoothcurve. In another embodiment, the junction between the main body portion226 and the side wall 228 forms a generally sharp corner. In otherembodiments, the junction between the main body portion 226 and the wall228 may be efficaciously configured in modified manners, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the junction between the main body portion 226 and the sidewall 228 may be partially smooth and partially sharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the lower arm proximalmain body portion generally rectangular in shape with a generally curvedproximal end 245 (see, for example, FIG. 23). In other embodiments, theproximal section 244 may be configured in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalof achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein. For example, the proximal section 244 may beconfigured in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the proximal section 244has a generally circular through hole or cavity 252 (shown in theexploded perspective view of FIG. 23) which is generally aligned withthe upper arm hole 232 for receiving the pin 220. In other embodiments,the proximal section 244 and/or opening 252 may be configured inmodified manners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, theopening 252 may be rectangular or square in shape, or configured in theform of other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the main body portion orsection 246 is generally flat and rectangular in shape. In otherembodiments, the main body portion 246 may be configured in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the main bodyportion 246 may be configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as indicated above,the main body portion 246 includes the slot 254 for overlapping with atleast a portion of the slot 234 of the upper connector arm 216 to formthe rod- or bolt-receiving hole or passage 230. The slot 254 extendsinwards from a side edge 256 (see, for example, FIG. 23) of the bodyportion 246 towards the side wall 248 and is spaced from the side wall248. The slot 254 is preferably generally U-shaped. In otherembodiments, the slot 254 may be shaped in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalof achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein. For example, the slot 254 may berectangular, V-shaped or configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as shown in FIG. 23,cuts or niches 257, 259 are provided at the intersection of the sideedge 256 and respective proximal and distal edges 261, 263 of the mainbody portion 246. When the arms 216 and 218 are closed (FIG. 21), theseniches 257, 259 receive portions of the upper arm side wall 228 whichflank the upper arm side wall groove 238. Simultaneously, side portions271 (see, for example, FIGS. 22 and 23) of the lower arm main bodyportion 246 are received within the upper arm side wall groove 238.Advantageously, this facilitates interlocking and alignment between thearms 216 and 218.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the lower arm side wall248 is generally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the sidewall 248 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, the side wall 248 may be configured inother suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best seen in FIGS.22 and 23, the side wall 248 has an upper edge 260 which is spaced fromthe main body portion 246 and has a groove or slot 258 formed thereonfor interlocking or mating with side portions 251 of the upper arm mainbody portion 226. The groove 258 extends inwards from the lower edge 260and is generally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the groove258 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the groove 258 may be V-shaped or configured in othersuitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the lower arm side wall248 extends substantially perpendicularly from the main body portion 246and is substantially planar with the proximal section 244. In otherembodiments, the side wall 248 may be oriented in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof spacing the body portions 226, 246 and/or of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the junction between themain body portion 246 and the side wall 248 forms a generally smoothcurve. In another embodiment, the junction between the main body portion246 and the side wall 248 forms a generally sharp corner. In otherembodiments, the junction between the main body portion 246 and the sidewall 248 may be efficaciously configured in modified manners, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, the junction between the main bodyportion 246 and the side wall 248 may be partially smooth and partiallysharp.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best seen in FIGS.21 and 24, the rod- or bolt-capturing hole or passage 230 is formed byoverlapping of the arm slots 234 and 236. The passage 230 is generallydefined by having ends formed by overlapping portions of the slots 234,236 and the space therebetween as determined by the spacing between thebody portions 226, 246 due to the side walls 228, 248. Advantageously,having such a rod- or bolt-receiving passage 230 allows a longer lengthof the rod or bolt to be captured within the connector 212, therebyproviding a secure and stable connection. Moreover, and desirably, thisis achieved in a light weight configuration and lower material costssince a generally hollow space exists between the spaced body portions226, 246 due to the side walls 228, 248.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best seen in FIGS.24 and 26, the passageway 230 has a generally circular or ellipsoidalcross-section and can be thought of as being generally cylindrical. Thepassage or opening 230 is sized to receive a rod or bolt of apredetermined diameter. In other embodiments, the passage 230 may beconfigured in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of capturing a supporting rod,bolt or the like and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, thepassage 230 may be configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal cross-sections.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, and as best illustrated bythe drawings of FIGS. 21 and 23, when the connector arms 216, 218 areinterlocked, the upper arm niches 237, 239 mate with correspondingportions of the lower arm side wall 248 which generally flank the lowerarm side wall slot 258; the upper arm groove 238 mates with the lowerarm side portions 271; the lower arm niches 257, 259 mate withcorresponding portions of the upper arm side wall 228 which generallyflank the upper arm side wall slot 238; and the lower arm groove 258mates with the upper arm side portions 251. Advantageously, suchinterlocking and alignment between the upper and lower arms 216, 218facilitates in alignment between the slots 234, 254 and also provides amore stable connector 212.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 21–26, the arm 216 and the arm218 are substantially structurally identical and interchangeable.Advantageously, this can facilitate fabrication of the connector 212,for example, in die-cutting and die-casting processes, a single die canbe used to manufacture either of the arms 216, 218. This desirablyreduces manufacturing costs. In other embodiments, the arms 216, 218 maybe configured to not be substantially identical with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goal of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein.

As best illustrated in FIG. 23, in accordance with one embodiment, theconnector 212, and hence the arms 216, 218, and the clamp 14 arepermanently or quasi-permanently mechanically connected to one anotherby a rivet 220 a and a clinched rivet head 266 a. Also as bestillustrated in FIG. 23, in accordance with another embodiment, theconnector 212, and hence the arms 216, 218, and the clamp 14 areremovably or releasably mechanically connected to one another by a boltor screw 220 b and a nut 266 b. In a modified embodiment, the nut 266 bis used in combination with a clinched rivet head or the like to connectto the bolt 220 b and hence provide a permanent or pseudo-permanentmechanical connection between the connector 212 and the clamp 14. Inother embodiments, the connector 212 and the clamp 14 may beefficaciously connected buy other permanent or temporary attachmentfasteners, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a secure attachment and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In a modified embodiment, one of the arms 216 or 218 is substantiallyirrotational or fixed relative to the pin 220 and/or the clamp 14. Thus,only one of the arms 216 or 218 is swivelably manipulated to capture asupport rod, bolt or the like within the hole 230. Such a modifiedconfiguration achieves at least some of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

Preferably, the connector arms 216, 218 are fabricated from a suitablystrong material to meet the standards set by the UnderwritersLaboratories (U. L.), Factory Mutual Engineering (F. M.), and other suchquality control groups. In one embodiment, the connector arms 216, 218comprise a carbon steel. In another embodiment, the connector arms 216,218 comprise a mild steel. In yet another embodiment, the connector arms216, 218 have an electro-galvanized finish. In other embodiments, theconnector arms may efficaciously comprise other materials, as requiredor desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing suitablystrong connector arms 216, 218 and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the connector arms 216, 218 can comprise other suitable metals,alloys, ceramics, plastics and the like.

In the exemplary embodiment, and referring in particular to FIG. 21 withthe connector arms 216, 218 in the closed position, the length L₂₁₁ isabout 13.0 cm (5 and ⅛ inches), the length L₂₁₂ is about 10.5 cm (4 and⅛ inches), the length L₂₁₃ is about 3.18 cm (1 and ¼ inches) and thewidth W₂₁₁ is about 5.72 cm (2 and ¼ inches). In other embodiments, theconnector-clamp assembly 210 may be dimensioned in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to theparticular application and/or to the goal of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, when the arms 216 and 218 are interlocked,the retrofit connector 212 has an overall length of about 7.6 cm (3.0inches), a width of about 5.72 cm (2 and ¼ inches) and a height of about2.54 cm (1.0 inch). In other embodiments, the connector 212 may bedimensioned in modified manners with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the particular application and/or to thegoal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, when the arms 216 and 218 are closed orinterlocked, the slots 234, 254 are configured so that the rod- orbolt-receiving passage 230 has at its ends a diameter or minor diameteror cross-sectional dimension D₂₄₁ (see FIG. 24) in the range from about0.95 cm (⅜ inches) or slightly greater than about 0.95 cm (⅜ inches) toabout 1.9 cm (¾ inches) or slightly greater than about 1.9 cm (¾inches). Stated differently, the passage 230 can have dimensions suchthat it can receive and allow a retrofit connection to rods, bolts andthe like having a diameter in the range from about 0.95 cm (⅜ inches) toabout 1.9 cm (¾ inches). In other embodiments, the hole 230 can bedimensioned in modified manners, have a smaller or larger size and/oraccommodate rods, bolts and the like having a smaller or larger diameterwith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a secure retrofit connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the arm main body portions 226, 246, thearm proximal sections 224, 244 and the arm side walls 228, 248 have athickness of about 6.35 mm (0.25 inches), the spacing between the mainbody portions 226, 246 when the arms 216 and 218 are closed orinterlocked is about 1.27 cm (0.5 inches), and the grooves 238, 258 havea length of about 3.8 cm (1.5 inches), a width of about 6.35 mm (0.25inches) and a depth of about 6.35 mm (0.25 inches). In otherembodiments, the connector 212 may be dimensioned in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to theparticular application and/or to the goal of achieving one or more ofthe benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

The connector 212 of the preferred embodiments can be manufactured orfabricated by a wide variety of methods and/or technologies. Theseinclude, without limitation, stamping/punching, casting, molding,forging, machining, among others.

In one preferred embodiment, the arms 216, 218 of the seismic connector212 are manufactured by stamping generally flat strips of a material.Preferably, the material comprises a metal, such as mild steel or carbonsteel. The stamping includes the steps of punching holes and slots of apredetermined configuration in the flat plates. The plates are bent atpredetermined locations by predetermined angles to form the two arms216, 218. The pin 220 is used to connect the arms 216, 218 to a clamp orfitting, such as the clamp 14 to form the connector-clamp assembly 210.

This manufacturing process or method, for the embodiments wherein theseismic connector arms 216, 218 are substantially structurallyidentical, can use the same cutting-die for fabricating both arms 216,218. Advantageously, this saves on cost.

Moreover, such a manufacturing process is especially suited forautomated assembly lines, wherein stamping, punching and bendingoperations can be performed at high speeds and pick-and-place roboticarms or systems can efficiently manipulate the various components. Thesimplicity and speed of this manufacturing method results in an endproduct that is economical to manufacture, and thus is desirablyinexpensive.

In another embodiment, the connector arms 216, 218 are manufactured bycasting or molding. For the embodiments wherein the seismic connectorarms 216, 218 are substantially structurally identical, the samecasting-die or mold can be used for fabricating both arms 216, 218.Advantageously, this saves on cost.

As the skilled artisan will appreciate, the connector 212 (FIGS. 21–26)can be used in a variety of applications as has been described above inconnection with the connector 12 (see, for example, FIGS. 11 and 12).Thus, for the sake of brevity of disclosure, this discussion will not berepeated again.

The connector-clamp assembly 210 (FIGS. 21–23) is manipulated in amanner similar to the description above in connection with theconnector-clamp assembly 10 (see, for example, FIGS. 9A–9E and 10A–10E).Thus, again for the sake of brevity of discussion will only be brieflydescribed below.

During installation of the assembly 210 (FIGS. 21–23), one of the mainbody portion slots 234 or 254 is placed around the already installed rodor bolt with the connector arms 216 and 218 open. The assembly 210 ispivoted about the longitudinal axis 215 and the arm 216 or 218 that isnot already engaged with the rod is lowered or raised so that theappropriate slot 234 or 254 engages the rod to capture it within thepassage 230. Appropriate nut(s) or the like are then used to secure theconnector 212 (FIGS. 21–26) to the rod to complete the installation.

Cable Clamp and Connector Assembly

FIGS. 27 and 28 show different views of one embodiment of a cable swaybrace assembly or system 310 generally comprising a cable sway braceclamp 314 and the interlocking swivel connector, bracket or attachmentdevice 12. FIGS. 29–33 show different views of the cable sway braceclamp 314.

As has been discussed in detail above, the seismic earthquake braceconnector 12 is attachable to a rod or bolt of an already installedsystem supporting a suspended load, such as a pipe and the like, withoutdisassembly of the existing system. As discussed in greater detail laterherein, the cable clamp 314 is securely attachable to a brace, such as abracing cable, to protect the suspended load against adverse sway andseismic disturbances. The assembly 310 and/or the clamp 314 and/or theconnector 12 have a generally longitudinal axis 315.

Though, in the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–28, the clamp 314 isattached to the connector 12, it should be appreciated that the clamp314 may be efficaciously used in conjunction with a wide variety ofother suitable connectors and the like, some of which are disclosedlater herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the cable clamp 314comprises a main body portion 317 having a pair of flexible arms or jaws316, 318 spaced from one another and movable towards one another bytightening of nuts 324, 326 attached to respective bolts 328, 330 whichtraverse the arms 316, 318, thereby securing a bracing cable 332therebetween, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33. Referring in particular toFIG. 30, in the open position, the jaws 316 and 318 are generallyparallel and separated by a gap 319.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the clamp 314 and arms316, 318 are pivotable or swivelable about a fastener or pin 320 thelongitudinal axis of which generally defines a rotation, pivot or swivelaxis 322. The pin 320 mechanically connects or couples the clamp 314 andthe connector 12.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the clamp longitudinalaxis 315 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis322. In other words, the projections of the clamp longitudinal axis 315and rotation axis 322, on a common plane that is not perpendicular toeither of the axes 315, 322 intersect perpendicularly or at 90°.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the upper arm or jaw 316is generally in the form of a sheet and is generally rectangular inshape. In other embodiments, the arm 316 may be configured in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the arm 316 may beshaped in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the upper arm 316 has aproximal section or portion 334 and a distal section or portion 336.Preferably, the proximal section 334 includes a generally central slot338 for providing access to the cable 332 (and/or clearance space) and apair of side cut-off sections, slots or grooves 340, 342 (see FIGS. 28and 29) for providing clearance space for the connector 12. The distalsection 336 extends generally away from the proximal section 334 andincludes a pair of holes 344, 346, as best seen in the explodedperspective view of FIG. 28, which receive respective bolts 328, 330.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as shown for examplein FIG. 30 with the arms 316 and 318 open, the proximal section 334 hasa slanted portion 348 which extends upwardly towards the distal portion336. Such a configuration provides a predetermined spacing between thearms 316, 318, as needed. In other embodiments, the proximal section ofthe arm 316 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga desired spacing between the arms 316, 318 and/or achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, clearance for a larger connector pin 320 may be providedand/or the lower arm 318 may be suitably configured to achieve a desiredspacing between the arms.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best seen in FIGS.27–29, the slot 338 is generally U-shaped and extends inwardly from aproximal-most end 347 (FIGS. 29 and 30) of the proximal section 334. Inother embodiments, the slot 338 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing access to the cable 332 and/or of achieving one ormore of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein. For example, the slot 338 may be rectangular, V-shaped or may beshaped in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best seen in FIG.29, the pair of side slots 340, 342 are generally rectangular in shapeand extend inwardly towards the upper arm distal section 336 from theproximal-most end 347 of the proximal section 334. In the illustratedembodiments, the side slots 340, 342 are formed on the slanted section348 (FIG. 30) of the upper arm proximal section 334. In otherembodiments, the slots 340, 342 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing clearance space for attachment to the connector 12(or other suitable connectors) and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the slots 340, 342 may be shaped in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best seen in FIG.28, the pair of bolt-receiving holes 344, 346 are located in the distalsection 336 of the upper arm or jaw 316. The holes 344, 346 are spacedfrom one another in a predetermined manner such that a reliable clampingforce is generated to secure the cable 332 within the clamp 314.Moreover, the spacing between the holes 344 and 346 permits adequateclearance between the bolts 328, 330, cable 332 and other componentssuch as washers, as discussed further below.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the lower arm or jaw 318is generally in the form of a sheet and is generally rectangular inshape. In other embodiments, the arm 318 may be configured in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, the arm 318 may beshaped in other suitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the lower arm 318 has aproximal section or portion 354 and a distal section or portion 356.Preferably, the proximal section 354 includes a generally central slot358 for providing access to the cable 332 (and/or clearance space) and apair of side cut-off sections, slots or grooves 360, 362 (see FIGS. 28and 29) for providing clearance space for the connector 12. The distalsection 356 extends generally away from the proximal section 354 andincludes a pair of holes 364, 366, as shown in FIG. 28, which receiverespective bolts 328, 330.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as shown in FIGS.27–29, the slot 358 is generally U-shaped and extends inwardly from theproximal-most end 347 FIGS. 29 and 30) of the proximal section 354.Preferably, the lower jaw slot 358 and the upper jaw slot 338 aresubstantially aligned with one another and connect with each other atthe proximal-most end 347 (FIGS. 29 and 30). In other embodiments, theslot 358 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providingaccess to the cable 332 and/or of achieving one or more of the benefitsand advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example,the slot 358 may be rectangular, V-shaped or may be shaped in othersuitable polygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best seen in FIG.29, the pair of side slots 360, 362 are generally rectangular in shapeand extend inwardly from the proximal-most end 347 of the proximalsection 354. As shown in the drawings, the lower jaw slot 360 issubstantially aligned with and connects with the upper jaw slot 340 atthe proximal-most end 347 (FIGS. 29 and 30). Similarly, the lower jawslot 362 is substantially aligned with and connects with the upper jawslot 342 at the proximal-most end 347 (FIGS. 29 and 30). In otherembodiments, the slots 360, 362 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing clearance space for attachment to the connector 12(or other suitable connectors) and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. Forexample, the slots 360, 362 may be shaped in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best seen in FIG.28, the pair of bolt-receiving holes 364, 366 are located in the distalsection 356 of the lower arm or jaw 318. As shown in the drawings,respective lower jaw holes 364, 366 are substantially aligned withrespective upper jaw holes 344, 346. The holes 364, 366 are spaced fromone another in a predetermined manner such that a reliable clampingforce is generated to secure the cable 332 within the clamp 314.Moreover, the spacing between the holes 364 and 366 permits adequateclearance between the bolts 328, 330, cable 332 and other componentssuch as washers, as discussed further below.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the upper and lower arms316, 318 meet a generally curved or bent transition portion 368 (FIG.30). This forms a passage 370 (FIG. 28) for receiving the connector pin320, thereby forming a hinged connection between the clamp 314 and theretrofit connector 12. When assembled, the passage 370 (FIG. 28) issubstantially aligned with the connector holes 32, 52 (see FIG. 28) withthe pin 320 passing therethrough.

As best illustrated in FIG. 28, in accordance with one embodiment, theclamp 314 and the connector 12 are permanently or quasi-permanentlymechanically connected to one another by a rivet 320 a and a clinchedrivet head 372 a. Also as best illustrated in FIG. 28, in accordancewith another embodiment, the clamp 314 and the connector 12 areremovably or releasably mechanically connected to one another by a boltor screw 320 b and a nut 372 b. In a modified embodiment, the nut 372 bis used in combination with a clinched rivet head or the like to connectto the bolt 320 b and hence provide a permanent or pseudo-permanentmechanical connection between the clamp 314 and connector 12. In otherembodiments, the clamp 314 and the connector 12 14 may be efficaciouslyconnected buy other permanent or temporary attachment fasteners, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga secure attachment and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the cable clamp 314further comprises a reinforcement plate 374 above the upper arm 316 andin mechanical communication with it or mechanically connected to it.Advantageously, the reinforcement plate provides rigidity, increasedstrength and structural integrity to the upper arm 316 and the cableclamp 314. In a modified embodiment, the main body portion 317 (and/orthe upper arm 316) and the reinforcement plate 374 comprise an integralunit. In another modified embodiment, the upper arm 316 may include theplate 374 as an integral unit or as a mechanical connection to provideimproved rigidity to the upper arm 316.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the reinforcement plate374 is generally rectangular in shape and preferably has a generallyflat main body portion 375 and an overhang portion 376. The plate 374includes a pair of bolt-receiving holes 384, 386 (FIG. 28) on the flatportion 375 of the plate 374 and receives respective bolts 328, 330. Asshown in the drawings, the plate holes 384, 386 are substantiallyaligned with respective upper jaw holes 344, 346 and respective lowerjaw holes 364, 366. The holes 384, 386 are spaced from one another in apredetermined manner such that a reliable clamping force is generated tosecure the cable 332 within the clamp 314. Moreover, the spacing betweenthe holes 384 and 386 permits adequate clearance between the bolts 328,330, cable 332 and other components such as washers, as discussedfurther below.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the overhang portion 376extends beyond the arms 316, 318 and towards the lower arm 318 when thearms 316, 318 are open, as best seen in FIG. 30. Preferably, theoverhang 376 has a generally central slit, slot or recess 378 extendingupwards towards the main body portion 375 from a lowermost edge of theoverhang portion 376 and substantially aligned with the arm slots 338and 358. Advantageously, the slot 378 receives the cable 332 and alignsit.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the securement bolts 328,330 comprise respective heads 388, 390 and respective cylindricalportions 392, 394 comprising respective threads 393, 395. Preferably,the bolts 328, 330 are carriage bolts with respective interlockingportions 396, 398 (see FIG. 28) which substantially irrotationally matewith respective holes 384, 386 of the reinforcement plate 374. Thisfacilitates in tightening the nuts 324, 326 to securely grasp thebracing cable 332 by closing the gap 319 between the jaws 316, 318.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as shown in FIG. 28,the bolt interlocking portions 396, 398 and reinforcement plate holes384, 386 are generally square or rectangular in shape. In otherembodiments, the interlocking portions 396, 398 and/or reinforcementplate holes 384, 386 may be configured in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing reliable use of the clamp 314 and/or of achieving one ormore of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein. For example, the interlocking portions 396, 398 and/orreinforcement plate holes 384, 386 may be shaped in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as best illustrated byFIG. 28, the upper jaw holes 344, 346 are generally circular and receivegenerally smooth (non-threaded) portions of respective cylindricalportions 392, 394 of the bolts 328, 330 with a small tolerance. In amodified embodiment, the upper jaw holes 344, 346 are adapted tosubstantially irrotationally interlock with respective bolt interlockingportions 396, 398. In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and asbest illustrated by FIG. 28, the lower jaw holes 364, 366 are generallycircular and receive respective threaded portions 393, 395 of the bolts328, 330 with a small tolerance.

In other embodiments, upper jaw holes 344, 346 and/or the lower jawholes 364, 366 may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein. For example, upper jaw holes 344, 346 and/or the lowerjaw holes 364, 366 may be shaped in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the locking hex nuts 324,326 which are threadably engaged with respective bolt threaded portions392, 394 are used to tighten the jaws 316, 318 against the bracing cable332 to securely clamp it. Preferably, washers 402, 404 (see, forexample, FIGS. 28 and 30) are provided between respective nuts 324, 326and the lower jaw 318. These may comprise various types of washers asknown in the art such as flat washers, lock washers, among others.

Preferably, the generally U-shaped main body portion 317 (FIGS. 27–33)comprising the two arms 316, 318 is fabricated from sheet metal, forexample, #14 GA steel, carbon steel, mild steel, stainless steel,aluminum and the like. In other embodiments, the main body portion 317can be fabricated from other materials with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing a suitablystrong cable clamp 314 and/or of achieving one or more of the benefitsand advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example,the main body portion 317 can be fabricated from other suitable metals,alloys, ceramics, plastics and the like.

Preferably, the reinforcement plate 374 (FIGS. 27–33) is fabricated froma metal, for example, carbon steel, mild steel, stainless steel and thelike. In other embodiments, the reinforcement plate 374 can befabricated from other materials with efficacy, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a suitably strongcable clamp 314 and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, thereinforcement plate 374 can be fabricated from other suitable metals,alloys, ceramics, plastics and the like.

In the exemplary embodiment, and referring in particular to FIGS. 29–30,the cable clamp main body portion 317 has a length L₂₉₁ of about 10.2 cm(4 inches), a width W₂₉₁ of about 5.1 cm (2 inches), a thickness ofabout 1.6 mm ( 1/16 inch) or larger, the width W₂₉₂ is about 3.8 cm (1.5inches), and the spacing between the arms 316, 318 when they are open(FIG. 30) is about 1.59 cm (0.625 inches). In other embodiments, thecable clamp main body portion 317 may be dimensioned in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoals of providing a suitably strong cable clamp and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, and referring in particular to FIGS. 29–30,the clete or reinforcement plate 374 has a length L₂₉₂ of about 6.4 cm(2.5 inches), a width W₂₉₃ of about 5.1 cm (2 inches) and a thickness ofabout 3.2 mm (⅛ inch) or larger. In other embodiments, the reinforcementplate 374 may be dimensioned in modified manners with efficacy, asrequired or desired, giving due consideration to the goals of providinga suitably strong cable clamp and/or of achieving one or more of thebenefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the pin 320 (see, for example, FIGS. 27–28)is a ⅜ inch diameter bolt 320 b or rivet pin 320 a. In otherembodiments, the pin 320 may be dimensioned in modified manners withefficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to the goalsof providing a suitably strong hinged connection and/or of achieving oneor more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggestedherein.

In the exemplary embodiment, and as best seen in the exploded view ofFIG. 28, the bolts 324, 326 comprise ⅝ inch carriage bolts, the plateholes 384, 386 are generally square with each side having a length ofabout 1.3 cm (0.52 inches) to accommodate the bolt interlocking portions396, 398, the upper jaw holes 344, 346 and lower jaw holes 364, 366 aregenerally circular and have a diameter of about 1.6 cm (⅝ inches) orslightly larger to accommodate the bolt threaded portions 392, 394 witha slight tolerance. In other embodiments, the bolts 324, 326 and thecorresponding bolt-receiving holes may be dimensioned in modifiedmanners with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of providing a strong clamping force and/or of achievingone or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught orsuggested herein.

The cable sway brace clamp 314 (FIGS. 27–33) can be manufactured orfabricated by a wide variety of methods and/or technologies. Theseinclude, without limitation, stamping/punching, casting, molding,forging, machining, among others.

In one preferred embodiment, the clamp main body portion 317 (see, forexample, FIG. 28) including the arms 316, 318 is fabricated by stampinga generally flat strip of sheet metal. The stamping includes the step ofpunching the upper arm holes 344, 346, the lower arm holes 364, 366, theslots 338, 358 and forming the cut-off portions 340, 342, 360, 362. Thestamped strip is then bent to form the transition bend 368 and furtherbent to form the upper arm slanted proximal portion 348, the generallyflat section of the proximal portion 334 and the generally flat upperarm distal portion 336. These bending operations substantially align theupper and lower arm slots 338 and 358, the upper and lower arm holes 344and 364, the upper and lower arm holes 346 and 366, the upper and lowerarm side slots 340 and 360, and the upper and lower arm side slots 342and 362. The bending operations also control the spacing, alignment andrelative juxtaposition between the upper arm 316 and lower 318 when thearms 316, 318 are in the open position, as shown, for example, in theside view of FIG. 30, with the upper arm distal portion 336 and thelower arm distal portion 356 being substantially parallel.

In one preferred embodiment, the reinforcement member 374 (see, forexample, FIG. 28) is fabricated by stamping a generally flat strip ofmetal plate. The stamping includes the step of punching the holes 384,386 and the slot 378. The stamped plate is then bent at a predeterminedposition by about 90° to form the overhang portion 376. Thereinforcement plate 374 is placed in contact with the upper arm 316 suchthat its overhang portion 376 extends just beyond the upper arm 316 andits slot 378 is substantially aligned with the arm slots 338 and 358.Simultaneously, the plate hole 384 is aligned with the upper arm hole344 and the lower arm hole 364 for receiving the bolt 328, and the platehole 386 is aligned with the upper arm hole 346 and the lower arm hole366 for receiving the bolt 330.

The bolts 328 and 330 (see, for example, FIG. 28) are then insertedrespectively through the set of aligned holes 384, 344, 364 and the setof aligned holes 386, 346, 366. Preferably, and as stated above, thebolts 328 and 330 comprise carriage bolts having respective interlockingportions 396, 398 which interlock with respective reinforcement plateholes 384, 386. The bolt heads 388 and 390 are seated on or abut againstthe upper surface of the reinforcement plate 374. The respective boltcylindrical portions 392, 394 pass through the respective upper jawholes 344, 346. The respective bolt threaded portions 393, 395 passthrough respective lower jaw holes 364, 366.

Respective washers 402, 404 (see, for example, FIG. 28) are insertedaround respective bolt threaded portions 393, 395 and contact or abutagainst the lower surface of the lower jaw 318. Respective nuts 324, 326are threaded and tightened on to respective bolt threaded portions 393,395. This assembly of the cable clamp 314 is best seen in theperspective view of FIG. 27 and the side view of FIG. 30 with the clamparms 316, 318 in the open position. The pin 320 is used to hingedlyconnect the clamp main body portion 317 to a connector, such as thescissor connector 12 to form the clamp-connector assembly 310 (see FIG.27).

Such a manufacturing process is especially suited for automated assemblylines, wherein stamping, punching and bending operations can beperformed at high speeds and pick-and-place robotic arms or systems canefficiently manipulate the various components. The simplicity and speedof this manufacturing method results in an end product that iseconomical to manufacture, and thus is desirably inexpensive.

As discussed above and in further detail below, the cable clamp 314(FIGS. 27–33) is securely attachable to a bracing cable 332 (FIGS.29–33), to protect a suspended load, such as a pipe and the like,against adverse sway and seismic disturbances. The cable clamp 314 canbe used in conjunction with the retrofit connector 12, as shown in FIGS.27 and 28, or other suitable connectors, as discussed further laterherein.

Referring in particular to FIGS. 29–31, in use, a free end 406 of thecable 332 is inserted into the cable clamp 314. The portion of the cable332 generally within the clamp 314 is generally referred to by thereference numeral 408. The cable free end 406 generally extends withinand/or is generally aligned with the upper and lower jaw slots 338, 358.The cable portion 408 travels between the jaws 316, 318 and between thebolt shank portions 392, 394 and exits the clamp from within thereinforcement plate slot 378. The other free end of the cable 332 isconnected to other suitable devices, such as a clamp-connector assemblyand the like, as discussed further below.

Referring in particular to FIGS. 32 and 33, the nuts 324, 326 aretightened to close the flexible jaws 316, 318 which grip the cableportion 408 and securely capture the cable 332 within the clamp 314.Advantageously, the spacing between the bolt shank portions 392, 394allows a close fit for the cable 332 passing therebetween, and hencedesirably prevents or restricts any lateral displacement of the cable332. Additionally, the reinforcement plate slot 378 is substantiallyaligned with the spacing between the bolt shank portions 392, 394 andfurther assists in preventing or restricting lateral movement of thecable portion 408 of the cable 332 passing therethrough.

Referring in particular to FIGS. 32 and 33, with the clamp jaws or arms316, 318 in the closed position, only the lower jaw 318 has been shownas displaced from the open position (FIGS. 29–31). It is contemplated,that either or both jaws 316, 318 are flexible and displaceable bytightening of the nuts 324, 326 to grip the bracing cable 332. Moreover,a reinforcement plate or the like may efficaciously be provided inconjunction with either or both jaws 316, 318, as needed or desired, toprovide the desired rigidity. In one embodiment, the upper jaw 316comprises a rigid material while the lower arm 318 comprises a flexiblematerial, for example, by using a thicker upper jaw 316 and a thinnerlower jaw 318.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, and as indicated above,each of the upper jaw holes 344, 346, each of the lower jaw holes 364,366, and each of the reinforcement plate holes 384, 386 are spaced fromone another in a predetermined manner which spaces the bolts 328, 330from one another in a predetermined manner. Also, as indicated above,the holes 344, 364, 384 are aligned with one another and the holes 346,366, 386 are aligned with one another and receive respective bolts 328,330.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, each of the upper jawholes 344, 346, each of the lower jaw holes 364, 366, each of thereinforcement plate holes 384, 386 and hence each of the bolts 328, 300are arranged asymmetrically about the longitudinal axis 315, as shown inthe top view of FIG. 29. In a modified embodiment, each of the upper jawholes 344, 346 and/or each of the lower jaw holes 364, 366 and/or eachof the reinforcement plate holes 384, 386 can efficaciously be arrangedgenerally symmetrically about the longitudinal axis 315, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goals of providing a strongclamping force and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits andadvantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the upper jaw holes 344,346 are laterally spaced on opposite sides of the clamp longitudinalaxis 315 and are also longitudinally spaced from one another along thegeneral direction of the clamp longitudinal axis 315; the lower jawholes 364, 366 are laterally spaced on opposite sides of the clamplongitudinal axis 315 and are also longitudinally spaced from oneanother along the general direction of the clamp longitudinal axis 315;the reinforcement plate holes 384, 386 are laterally spaced on oppositesides of the clamp longitudinal axis 315 and are also longitudinallyspaced from one another along the general direction of the clamplongitudinal axis 315. Thus, the bolts 328, 330 are laterally spaced onopposite sides of the clamp longitudinal axis 315 and are alsolongitudinally spaced from one another along the general direction ofthe clamp longitudinal axis 315.

Advantageously, the lateral spacing between the bolts 328, 330 permitsthe bracing cable 332 to pass between the bolt shank portions 392, 394in a snug or close tolerance fit, and prevents undesirable lateralmovement of the cable 332 when gripped by the clamp jaws 316, 318 (FIGS.32 and 33). Moreover, and advantageously, the longitudinal spacingbetween the bolts 328, 330 permits the clamping force to be distributedover the length of the jaws 316, 318, and desirably provides a morereliable clamping force. Additionally, and advantageously, thelongitudinal spacing between the bolts 328, 330 provides clearance spacebetween the bolt heads 388, 390 and the between the washers 402, 404. Inother embodiments, the upper jaw holes 344, 346, the lower jaw holes364, 366, the reinforcement plate holes 384, 386, and hence the boltsmay be efficaciously arranged in modified manners, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goals of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, and referring in particular to FIG. 29 withthe clamp arms or jaws 316, 318 in the open position, an imaginary line410 passing generally through the centers of the bolts 328, 330 orthrough the centers of the upper jaw holes 344, 346 or through thecenters of the lower jaw holes 364, 366 or through the centers of thereinforcement plate holes 384, 386 forms an angle θ with the clamplongitudinal axis 315. Stated differently, the projections of the lines315 and 410 on a plane parallel to the lower jaw 318, upper jaw distalportion 336 or the reinforcement plate flat portion 375 form an angle θor intersect at an angle θ.

Referring in particular to FIG. 29, the angle θ is preferably about 30°.In another embodiment, the angle θ is in the range from about 25° toabout 35°. In yet another embodiment, the angle θ is in the range fromabout 15° to about 45°. In yet another embodiment, the angle θ is 90°(that is, the bolts 328, 330 are not longitudinally spaced) or less.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 27–33, the cable clamp 314comprises two bolts 328, 330 which when tightened via respective nuts324, 326 provide the clamping mechanism for the jaws 316, 318. In otherembodiments, more than two nut-bolt combinations may be efficaciouslyused to provide the clamping force, as required or desired, giving dueconsideration to the goals providing a suitably strong clamping forceand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. Moreover, other suitablefastening means, such as, for example, other pins, locks, clamps and thelike, in combination with or independently of the bolts 328, 330, may beused to urge or bias the clamp jaws 316, 318 towards one another, asneeded or desired.

Referring in particular to FIGS. 29–33, each bolt 328, 330 has arespective longitudinal axis 412, 414. It should be noted that the boltlongitudinal axis 412 generally coincides with the longitudinal axes ofthe upper jaw hole 344, lower jaw hole 364 and reinforcement plate hole384, and the bolt longitudinal axis 414 generally coincides with thelongitudinal axes of the upper jaw hole 346, lower jaw hole 366 andreinforcement plate hole 386.

Still referring in particular to FIGS. 29–33, the bolt longitudinal axes412, 414 are generally perpendicular to the clamp longitudinal axis 315.Stated differently, the projections of the bolt longitudinal axes 412,414 and clamp longitudinal axis 315, on a common plane that is notperpendicular to either of the axes 412, 414, 315, intersectperpendicularly or at 90°. Additionally, the bolt longitudinal axes 412,414 are generally perpendicular to planes parallel to the lower jaw 318,upper jaw distal portion 336 and the reinforcement plate flat portion375.

Still referring in particular to FIGS. 29–33, and more particularly toFIG. 32 with the clamp 314 in the closed position, the bolt longitudinalaxes 412, 414 are generally perpendicular to the bracing cable portion408 gripped between the jaws 316, 318. Stated differently, theprojections of the bolt longitudinal axes 412, 414 and the bracing cableportion 408 gripped between the jaws 316, 318, on a common plane that isnot perpendicular to either of the axes 412, 414 and the bracing cableportion 408 gripped between the jaws 316, 318, intersect perpendicularlyor at 90°.

Preferably, the bracing cable 332 (see, for example, FIGS. 29–33)comprises (7×19) strand core pre-stretched galvanized aircraft cable. Inother embodiments, the cable 332 may comprise other bracing cables andthe like with efficacy, as required or desired, giving due considerationto the goals of providing suitably strong bracing means and/or ofachieving one or more of the benefits and advantages as disclosed,taught or suggested herein.

The bracing cable 332 (see, for example, FIGS. 29–33) can beefficaciously dimensioned in various manners depending on the particularapplication. For example, the bracing cable 332 can have a diameter ofabout 3.18 mm (⅛ inch), 4.76 mm ( 3/16 inch), 6.35 mm (¼ inch), amongother suitable diameters.

As discussed above, and referring to FIGS. 29–33, the cable clamp 314 isconfigured such that the bracing cable 332 can pass between the boltshank portions 392, 394 and/or the reinforcement plate slot 378 in asnug or close tolerance fit. Advantageously, this facilitates inunwanted lateral movement of the cable portion 408. In a modifiedembodiment, the cable clamp 314 can advantageously be used toaccommodate multiple sizes of cables. For example, if the clamp 314 isconfigured to receive a cable 332 having a diameter of 6.35 mm (¼ inch)in a snug or close tolerance fit (that is, a maximum design limit), itmay also be used with cables of smaller diameters, such as, for example,3.18 mm (⅛ inch), 4.76 mm ( 3/16 inch), 6.35 mm (¼ inch) or other.

One advantage of the cable clamp 314 of the invention is that it is easyto handle and install, thus allowing for efficient use. Anotheradvantage of the cable clamp 314 of the invention is that it is compact.Yet another advantage of the cable clamp 314 of the invention is that itis inexpensive to manufacture, as has been discussed in greater detailabove.

FIGS. 34 and 35 show different perspective views of a cable sway braceassembly or system 510 generally comprising a yoke member 512 and thecable sway brace clamp 314. As discussed further below, the yoke 512 isattachable to a surface and in conjunction with the clamp 314 and othercomponents is used to support loads suspended below ceilings, floors,beams and the like, against sway and seismic disturbances. These loadsmay include pipes, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners,electrical cables, communication lines, among others.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, the yoke 512 and clamp314 are pivotably, rotatably or swivelably attached to one another via aconnector pin 520 the longitudinal axis of which generally defines arotation, pivot or swivel axis 522. The pin 520 mechanically connects orcouples the clamp 314 and the yoke 512.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, the clamp longitudinalaxis 315 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis522. In other words, the projections of the clamp longitudinal axis 315and rotation axis 522, on a common plane that is not perpendicular toeither of the axes 315, 522 intersect perpendicularly or at 90°.

As best illustrated in FIG. 35, in accordance with one embodiment, theclamp 314 and the yoke 512 are permanently or quasi-permanentlymechanically connected to one another by a rivet 520 a and a clinchedrivet head 572 a. Also as best illustrated in FIG. 35, in accordancewith another embodiment, the clamp 314 and the yoke 512 are removably orreleasably mechanically connected to one another by a bolt or screw 520b and a nut 572 b. In a modified embodiment, the nut 572 b is used incombination with a clinched rivet head or the like to connect to thebolt 520 b and hence provide a permanent or pseudo-permanent mechanicalconnection between the clamp 314 and yoke 512. In other embodiments, theclamp 314 and the yoke 512 may be efficaciously connected buy otherpermanent or temporary attachment fasteners, as required or desired,giving due consideration to the goals of providing a secure attachmentand/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein.

Referring in particular to FIGS. 34 and 35, the yoke member 512generally comprises a pair of side walls 514, 516 spaced by an end wall518. Preferably, the side walls 514 and 516 are generally parallel toone another and generally perpendicular to the end wall 518. In otherembodiments, the walls 514, 516, 518 may be efficaciously arranged inmodified manners, as required or desired, giving due consideration tothe goals of providing suitable means for connecting the clamp 314 to asurface and/or of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantagesas disclosed, taught or suggested herein.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, the side walls 514,516 are generally triangular in shape. In other embodiments, the one orboth of the side walls 514, 516 may be configured in modified mannerswith efficacy, as required or desired, giving due consideration to thegoal of achieving one or more of the benefits and advantages asdisclosed, taught or suggested herein. For example, one or both of theside walls 514, 516 may be configured in other suitable polygonal ornon-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, and as shown in FIG.35, each side wall 514, 516 has a respective through hole 524, 526 withthe holes 524, 526 being substantially aligned with one another. Theyoke holes 524, 526 are further aligned with the clamp passage 370 andtogether receive the connector pin 520 which hingedly couples the yoke512 and cable clamp 314. Respective ends or portions 528, 530 of therespective side walls 514, 516 are generally received within the pair ofclamp slots 340, 360 and 342, 362 (see FIG. 29), respectively, thusdesirably providing for a compact assembly 510.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, the end wall 518 isgenerally rectangular in shape. In other embodiments, the end wall 518may be configured in modified manners with efficacy, as required ordesired, giving due consideration to the goal of achieving one or moreof the benefits and advantages as disclosed, taught or suggested herein.For example, the end wall 518 may be configured in other suitablepolygonal or non-polygonal shapes.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35, the end wall 518 has athrough hole 534. As discussed below, in use, the hole 534 receives ananchor bolt, stud, pin, screw or the like which allows the end wall 514,and hence the yoke 512 and clamp assembly 510, to be connected to adesired surface of a structure, such as that of a ceiling, beam, flooror wall.

The retrofit cable clamp-connector assembly 310 (FIGS. 27–33) and thecable clamp-connector assembly 510 (FIGS. 34–35) can be used in variousapplications to support loads suspended from or below a structureagainst adverse sway and seismic disturbances. Certain exemplaryembodiments of the use of the retrofit cable clamp-connector assembly310 and the cable clamp-connector 510 are described now with referenceto FIGS. 36–38.

FIG. 36 is a simplified view in accordance with one embodiment, showingthe installation of a pair of retrofit cable clamp-connector assemblies310 and a pair of cable clamp-connector assemblies 510 for supporting aload such as one or more pipes 548 below a structure 550. A pair ofthreaded support rods 542 extend from the structure 550 and are engagedwith or connected to a trapeze type hanger 560, as known in the art. Thehanger 560 supports the pipes 548 which are seated on and secured to thehanger 560 by respective holders 570. Optionally, rod stiffenerassemblies 580 are utilized to provide enhanced strength and rigidity tothe installation.

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 36, the retrofitconnectors 12 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 receiverespective rods 542 within respective cavities 30 (see, for example,FIG. 1) formed by each pair of interlocking arms 16, 18 (see, forexample, FIG. 1) and each retrofit connector 12 is secured to the hanger560 by a pair of pre-existing nuts 546 on each of the rods 542. Thecable clamps 314 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 areconnected to respective ends of respective cables 332, as has beendescribed above.

Still referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 36, the otherrespective ends of respective cables 332 are connected to respectivecable clamps 314 of respective assemblies 510. The yokes 512 ofrespective seismic assemblies 510 are secured to the structure 550 byrespective anchors, bolts or screws 558 or the like.

FIG. 37 is a simplified view in accordance with one embodiment, showingthe installation of a pair of retrofit cable clamp-connector assemblies310 and a pair of cable clamp-connector assemblies 510 for supporting aload such as one or more pipes 548 below a structure 550. A threadedsupport rod 542 extends from the structure 550 and is engaged with orconnected to a trapeze type hanger 560, as known in the art. The hanger560 supports the pipe 548 which is seated on and/or secured to thehanger 560. Optionally, a rod stiffener assembly 580 is utilized toprovide enhanced strength and rigidity to the installation.

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 37, the retrofitconnectors 12 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 are stackedone on top of the other with their cavities 30 (see, for example,FIG. 1) aligned. The rod 542 is received within the two cavities 30(see, for example, FIG. 1) formed by each pair of interlocking arms 16,18 (see, for example, FIG. 1) and the retrofit connectors 12 are securedto the hanger 560 by a pair of pre-existing nuts 546 on the rod 542. Thecable clamps 314 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 areconnected to respective ends of respective cables 332, as has beendescribed above.

Still referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 37, the otherrespective ends of respective cables 332 are connected to respectivecable clamps 314 of respective assemblies 510. The yokes 512 ofrespective seismic assemblies 510 are secured to the structure 550 byrespective anchors, bolts or screws 558 or the like.

FIG. 38 is a simplified view in accordance with one embodiment, showingthe installation of a pair of retrofit cable clamp-connector assemblies310 and a pair of cable clamp-connector assemblies 510 for supporting aload such as a pipe 548 below a structure 550. A threaded support rod542 extends from the structure 550 and is engaged with or connected to aclevis hanger 552, as known in the art, which supports the pipe 548. Thehanger 552 generally comprises a lower portion 552 a in which the pipe548 is received and is connected by a cross-bolt spacer 552 b to anupper portion 552 c of the hanger 552 in which an end of the rod 542 isreceived. Optionally, a rod stiffener assembly 580 is utilized toprovide enhanced strength and rigidity to the installation.

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 38, the retrofitconnectors 12 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 are stackedone on top of the other with their cavities 30 (see, for example,FIG. 1) aligned. The rod 542 is received within the two cavities 30(see, for example, FIG. 1) formed by each pair of interlocking arms 16,18 (see, for example, FIG. 1) and the retrofit connectors 12 are securedto the hanger 552 by a pair of pre-existing nuts 546 on the rod 542. Thecable clamps 314 of respective clamp-connector assemblies 310 areconnected to respective ends of respective cables 332, as has beendescribed above.

Still referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 38, the otherrespective ends of respective cables 332 are connected to respectivecable clamps 314 of respective assemblies 510. The yokes 512 ofrespective seismic assemblies 510 are secured to the structure 550 byrespective anchors, bolts or screws 558 or the like.

Though the embodiments of FIGS. 36–38 show the load suspended below agenerally horizontal surface with the clamp-yoke assemblies 510 attachedthereto, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that theassemblies 510 may be efficaciously attached to other surfaces, asneeded or desired. For example, one or more of the assemblies 510 may beattached to a generally vertical beam or wall or to an inclined surface.

The skilled artisan will also appreciate that in the situation that aretrofit connection is not needed or desired, the clamp-yoke assemblies510 may be substituted for the retrofit connector-clamp assemblies 310in FIGS. 36–38. Also, the retrofit connector 312 and other retrofitconnectors of the preferred embodiments may be utilized in conjunctionwith a new, that is, not pre-existing, installation with efficacy, asneeded or desired. This facilitates, for example, in adjustment,removal, and/or replacement of the retrofit connector and/or of theinstallation.

Also, as the skilled artisan will appreciate, that though theembodiments of FIGS. 36 38 refer to supporting one or more pipes, otherloads may be efficaciously supported in conjunction with any of thepreferred embodiments, as needed or desired. These include, withoutlimitation, ducts, sprinkler systems, fans, air-conditioners, heaters,electrical cables, communication lines, and the like, among others.

FIG. 39 illustrates another embodiment of a seismic assembly 610comprising the retrofit connector 212 and the cable clamp 314 pivotablyattached to one another. The retrofit connector 212 has been describedin detail above with reference to FIGS. 21–26 and the cable clamp 314has been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 27–33. The skilledartisan will readily appreciate that one or more of the assemblies 610can be used in a manner similar to the assemblies 310 to support a loadas described above in conjunction with FIGS. 36–38.

While the components and techniques of the invention have been describedwith a certain degree of particularity, it is manifest that many changesmay be made in the specific designs, constructions and methodologyherein above described without departing from the spirit and scope ofthis disclosure. It should be understood that the invention is notlimited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes ofexemplification, but is to be defined only by a fair reading of theappended claims, including the full range of equivalency to which eachelement thereof is entitled.

1. A sway brace cable clamp for supporting a suspended load against swayand seismic disturbances, comprising: a longitudinal axis and a pivotpin defining a rotation axis generally perpendicular to saidlongitudinal axis; a main body portion pivotatle about said rotationaxis, comprising: a generally flat flexible first arm having a proximalportion with a proximal end and a distal portion with a first hole and asecond hole spaced from one another; and a generally flat flexiblesecond arm spaced from said first arm to form a gap therebetween forreceiving a cable, said second arm having a proximal portion with aproximal end and a distal portion with a first hole and a second holespaced from one another; a reinforcement plate in mechanicalcommunication with said first arm and having a first hole and a secondhole spaced from one another, said plate further comprising an overhangportion extending towards said second arm and beyond said distal portionof said first arm, said overhang portion having a generally central slotfor aligning said cable, said first holes being generally aligned witone another and said second holes being generally aligned with oneanother; a first bolt and a second bolt spaced from one another, saidfirst bolt extending through said first holes and having a head abuttingagainst said reinforcement plate, said second bolt extending throughsaid second holes and having a head abutting against said reinforcementplate; a first nut and a sacond nut spaced from one another, said firstnut being threadably engaged with said first bolt and being inmechanical communication with said second arm, said second nut beingthreadably engaged with said second bolt and being in mechanicalcommunication with said second arm; whereby, tightening of said nutscauses said arms to be displaced towards one anoter and close said gapbetween said arms to securely clamp one end of said cable between saidarms and within said clamp.
 2. The cable clamp of claim 1, wherein saidproximal portion of said first arm is angled with respect to said distalportion of said first arm.
 3. The cabLe clamp of claim 1, wherein eachof said proximal portions of said arms has a generally central slot forproviding clearance space.
 4. The cable clamp of claim 3, wherein saidslots are substantially aligned with one another and join at aproximal-most end of said main body portion.
 5. The cable clamp of claim1, wherein said overhang portion of said plate is generallyperpendicular to said arms.
 6. The cable clamp of claim 1, wherein eachof said proximal portions of said arms has a pair of side slots forproviding clearance space for heilitating connection of said cable clampto an attachment device.
 7. The cable clamp of claim 1, wherein saidlongitudinal axis is generally parallel to the end of said cable whensmd cable is secured within said clamp.
 8. The cable clamp of claim 1,wherein each of said bolts has a longitudinal axis which are generallyperpendicular to the end of said cable when said cable is scared withinsaid clamp.
 9. The cable clamp of claim 8, wherein said rotation axis isgenerally perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of said bolts.
 10. Thecable clamp of claim 1, wherein said holes of said reinforcement plateare polygonal in shape to interlock with a respective one of said bolts.11. The eable clamp of claim 10, wherein said holes of saidreinforcement plate are substantially rectangular.
 12. The cable clampof claim 1, wherein the end of said cable when said cable is securedwithin said clamp extends between said bolts.
 13. The cable clamp ofclaim 1, wherein an imaginary line passing through the centers of saidbolts forms an angle θ with said longitudinal axis of said cable clamp.14. The cable clamp of claim 13, wherein θ is in the range from about15° to about 45°.
 15. The cable clamp of claim 1, in combination with anattachment device for attaching said cable clamp to a support.
 16. Asway brace cable clamp, comprising: a generally flat first arm having aproximal end, a distal end and comprising a rigid material; a generallyflat second arm having a proximal end, a distal end and comprising aflexible material, said mrs being spaced from one another and connectedat said proximal ends to form a gap therebetween for receiving a cable;a first bolt extending through said arms for clamping an end portion ofsaid cable between said arms by displacing said second arm towards saidfirst arm; a generally longitudinal axis extending substantially troughsaid proximal ends and said distal ends and being substantially parallelor coaxial to said end portion of said cable when said cable is clampedbetween said arms; and a reinforcement place in mechanical communicationwith said first arm, said reinforcement plate including a slot foraligning said cable.
 17. The cable clamp of claim 16, further comprisinga second bolt extending through said arms.
 18. The cable clamp of claim17, wherein said bolts are laterally and longitudinally spaced from oneanother.
 19. The cable clamp of claim 16, wherein said clamp isrotatable about a rotation axis positioned at or near said proximalends.
 20. The cable clamp of claim 19, wherein said rotation axis issubstantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.
 21. The cableclamp of claim 19, wherein said bolt has a longitudinal axissubstantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and said rotationaxis.
 22. The cable clamp of claim 16, wherein said first arm and saidreinforcement plate comprise an integral unit.
 23. The cable clamp ofclaim 16, in combination with an attachment device for attaching saidcable clamp to a support.
 24. The cable clamp of claim 23, wherein saidattachment device is pivotably connected to said cable clamp.
 25. A swaybrace assembly, comprising: a cable clamp, comprising: an upper sitcomprising a generally flat plate; a lower arm comprising a generallyflat plate and spaced from said upper arm to form a gap therebetween firreceiving a bracing cable; a first fastening element and a secondfastening element spaced from said first fastening element, saidfastening elements extending between said arms; at least one of saidarms being flexible and movable towards the other by actuation of saidfastening elements to close said gap and securely clamp said cablebetween said aims; an attachment device connected to said clamp forattaching said clamp to a support; and a pin to pivotably connect thecable clamp and the attachment device.
 26. The assembly of claim 25,wherein said cable clamp and said attachment device are permanentlyconnected.
 27. The assembly of claim 25, wherein said attachment devicecomprises a yoke.
 28. The assembly of claim 27, wherein said yokecomprises an end wall with a hole to receive a fastener to connect saidyoke to a support surface.
 29. The assembly of claim 28, wherein saidyoke comprises a pair of spaced side walls with each having a holethrough which said pin extends to connect said yoke and said cableclamp.
 30. The assembly of claim 25, wherein said passage is formed bythe overlapping of a first slot of said first arm and a second slot ofsaid second arm with the slots being spaced from one another.
 31. Theassembly of claim 30, wherein when said slots form said passage they arespaced form one another by a first side wall of said first arm and asecond side wall of said second arm.
 32. The assembly of claim 25,wherein said upper arm comprises a generally flat timer surface thatengages said cable when said cable is clamped between said arms.
 33. Theassembly of claim 32, wherein said lower arm comprises a generally flatinner surface that engages said cable when said cable is clamped betweensaid arms.
 34. A method of seeming a bracing cable within a clamp,comprising the steps of: inserting said cable into a gap formed betweena pair of spaced and generally flat arms of said clamp; positioning saidcable to intersect an imaginary line passing generally through thecenters of a pair of bolts of said clamp which extend between said arms;and tightening a pair of nuts of said clamp with each said nut beingthreadably engaged with a respective one of said bolts to createrelative motion between said arms and close said gap to clamp said cablebetween said arms and said bolts.
 35. The method of claim 34, furthercomprising providing an attachment device connected to said clamp forconnecting said clamp to a support.
 36. The method of claim 34, furthercomprising connecting said clamp to a support surface.
 37. The method ofclaim 34, further comprising connecting said clamp to a support rod. 38.The method of claim 34, further comprising positioning said cable beforetightening said nuts such that said cable be in mechanical communicationwith a generally flat region of one of said arms when said nuts aretightened.
 39. The method of claim 34, further comprising inserting saidcable into said gap more than half length of the said arms.
 40. A swaybrace cable clamp, comprising: a generally flat first arm having aproximal end and comprising a rigid material; a generally flat secondarm having a proximal end and comprising a flexible material, said armsbeing spaced from one another and connected at said proximal ends toform a gap therebetween for receiving a cable; a first bolt extendingthrough said arms for clamping an end portion of said cable between saidarms by displacing said second arm towards said first arm; areinforcement plate in mechanical communication with said first arm,said reinforcement plate including a slot for aligning said cable; and agenerally longitudinal axis extending substantially through saidproximal ends and being substantially parallel or coaxial to said endportion of said cable when said cable is clamped between said arms. 41.The cable clamp of claim 40, wherein said first arm and saidreinforcement plate comprise an integral unit.
 42. The cable clamp ofclaim 40, in combination with an attachment device far attaching saidcable clamp to a support.
 43. A sway brace cable clamp, comprising: agenerally flat first arm having a proximal end and comprising a rigidmaterial; a generally flat second arm having a proximal end andcomprising a flexible material, said arms being spaced from one anotherand connected at said proximal ends to form a gap therebetween forreceiving a cable; a first bolt extending through said arms for clampingan end portion of said cable between said arms by displacing said secondarm towards said first arm, a generally longitudinal axis extendingsubstantially through said proximal ends and being substantiallyparallel or coaxial to said end portion of said cable when said cable isclamped between said arms; and said cable clamp in combination with anattachment device for attaching said cable clamp to a support aid saidattachment device being pivotably connected to said cable clamp, saidattachment device being rotatable about a rotation axis positioned at ornear said proximal ends.
 44. The cable clamp of claim 43, furthercomprising a second bolt extending through said arms such that saidbolts are laterally and longitudinally spaced from one another.
 45. Thecable clamp of claim 43, wherein said clamp is rotatable about arotation axis positioned at or near said proximal ends.
 46. A sway bracecable clamp, comprising: a first arm; a second arm spaced from saidfirst arm and being movable towards said first arm; a fastening devicefor urging said second arm towards said first arm to securingly capturea cable between said anus and said fastening device; and said first armhaving an overhang portion with a generally central slot for aligningsaid cable.
 47. The cable clamp of claim 46, wherein said first arm hasa generally flat first inner surface that engages said cable when saidcable is captured between said arms.
 48. The cable clamp of claim 47,wherein said second arm has a generally flat second inner surface thatengages said cable when said cable is captured between said arms. 49.The cable clamp of claim 48, wherein said inner surfaces extendsubstantially parallel to one another.
 50. A sway brace cable clamp,comprising: a first arm; a second arm spaced from said first arm andbeing movable towards said first arm; a fastening device for urging saidsecond arm towards said first arm to securingly capture a cable betweensaid arms and said fastening device; and a reinforcement plate inmechanical communication with said first arm, said reinforcement platehaving a slot for aligning said cable.
 51. The cable clamp of claim 50,wherein said clamp is rotatable about a pin.
 52. The cable clamp ofclaim 50, wherein said reinforcement plate has an overhang portion inwhich said slot is located.
 53. A sway brace assembly, comprising: acable clamp, comprising: an upper arm comprising a generally flat plate;a lower arm comprising a generally flat plate and spaced from said upperarm to form a gap therebetween for receiving a bracing cable; a firstfastening element and a second fastening element spaced from said firstfastening element, said fastening elements extending between said arms;at least one of said arms being flexible and movable towards the otherby actuation of said fastening elements to close said gap and securelyclamp said cable between said arms; an attachment device connected tosaid clamp for attaching said clamp to a support, said cable clamp andsaid attachment device being removably connected; and a pin to pivotablyconnect the cable clamp and the attachment device.
 54. The assembly ofclaim 53, wherein said cable clamp comprises a reinforcement element.55. A sway brace assembly, comprising: a cable clamp, comprising: anupper arm comprising a generally flat plate; a lower arm comprising agenerally flat plate and spaced from said upper arm to form a gaptherebetween for receiving a bracing cable; a first fastening elementand a second fastening element spaced from said first fastening element,said fastening elements extending between said arms, said fasteningelements comprising nut-bolt combinations; at least one of said armsbeing flexible and movable towards the other by actuation of saidfastening elements to close said gap and securely clamp said cablebetween said aims; and an attachment device connected to said clamp forattaching said clamp to a support, said attachment device comprising aretrofit connector.
 56. The assembly of claim 55, wherein said cableclamp and said attachment device are permanently connected.
 57. Theassembly of claim 56, wherein said passage is formed by the overlappingof a first sot of said first arm and a second slot of said second armwith the slots being spaced from one another.
 58. The assembly of claim57, wherein said connector comprises a first arm and a second arm whichare interlockable to form a passage for receiving said support rod. 59.The assembly of claim 57, wherein said cable clamp comprises areinforcement plate.
 60. A sway brace cable clamp, comprising: agenerally flat first arm having a proximal end, a distal end andcomprising a rigid material; a generally flat second arm having aproximal end, a distal end and comprising a flexible material, said armsbeing spaced from one another and connected at said proximal ends toform a gap therebetween for receiving a cable; a first bolt extendingthrough said aims for clamping an end portion of said cable between saidaims by displacing said second arm towards said first arm; a generallylongitudinal axis extending substantially through said proximal ends andsaid distal ends and being substantially parallel or coaxial to said endportion of said cable when said cable is clamped between said arms; andsaid cable clamp in combination with an attachment device for attachingsaid cable clamp to a support, said attachment device being pivotablyconnected to said cable clamp.
 61. A sway brace assembly, comprising: acable clamp, comprising: an upper arm comprising a generally flat plate;a lower arm comprising a generally flat plate and spaced from said upperarm to form a gap therebetween for receiving a bracing cable; a firstfastening element and a second fastening element spaced from said firstfastening element, said fastening elements extending between said arms;at least one of said arms being flexible and movable towards the otherby actuation of said fastening elements to close said gap and securelyclamp said cable between said arms; said upper arm comprising agenerally flat inner surface that engages said cable when said cable isclamped between said arms; said lower arm comprising a generally flatinner surface that engages said cable when said cable is clamped betweensaid arms; and an attachment device connected to said clamp forattaching said clamp to a support.
 62. A sway brace cable clamp,comprising: a first arm; a second arm spaced from said first arm andbeing movable towards said first arm; a fastening device for urging saidsecond arm towards said first arm to securingly capture a cable betweensalt arms and said fastening device; a reinforcement plate in mechanicalcommunication with said first arm; and said clamp being rotatable abouta pin.